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开动脑经,帮孩子改掉重口味

2017-08-23 09:05:52   中国青年网

在国家卫生计生委推行的“三减三健”专项行动中,减盐是最重要的环节之一。中国人是出了名的口味重,每人每日食盐摄入量平均为10.6克,超过世界卫生组织标准(5克)1倍左右,72.6%的居民食盐消费超过建议量。北京电力医院儿科主任夏艳斌接受记者采访时指出,要想做好减盐工作,除了成年人要管住盐勺,更要帮孩子改改口味。

吃盐超标可能导致肥胖

儿童爱吃的很多食物都是“含盐大户”,比如汉堡、薯片、饼干、炒货等,让孩子在不知不觉中吃进大量盐。

夏艳斌表示,食盐摄入量增加会对孩子健康带来很多影响。吃盐多是导致儿童患高血压的重要危险因素之一。调查显示,我国6—17岁儿童高血压患病率达17.6%。孩子每多吃1克盐,超重或肥胖风险就增加23%,以后还将面临罹患心脏病、糖尿病、胃癌等疾病的风险。此外,吃盐太多会影响钙吸收,导致抵抗力下降、肾脏功能受损,并对智力发育造成不利影响。高盐能增加高脂、高热量食物的美味度,但却会刺激孩子吃更多甜食。

更可怕的是,儿童过早摄入盐分可能影响终生饮食偏好。美国一项研究表明,用饼干、麦片、面包等高盐固体食物喂年幼婴儿,可能会使他们一生都对盐产生偏好。

家长多利用天然调味品

要想帮孩子改掉重口味,需要家长更多努力。家长要多了解健康知识,特别是减盐常识。尽量在家自己动手做饭,少带孩子吃快餐或下馆子。采用一些天然调味品丰富食物味道,比如大蒜、西红柿等,可以减少盐的使用量。去超市采购时,养成看食品配料表的好习惯,选择低钠食品。

值得一提的是,美国研究发现,6个月左右婴儿其实是尝不出食盐味道的,并不需要额外摄入食盐。建议无特殊情况,1岁以内不给孩子吃盐;1—3岁孩子也尽量少吃盐甚至不吃盐;即使到了3岁以后,家长做饭还是要考虑孩子的口味,不能把大人的味觉习惯强加给宝宝。宝宝的味觉习惯正处于发育阶段,对调味品的刺激比较敏感,加调味品容易干扰其味觉,从而拒绝没有味道的食物。据生命时报

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