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美媒:菲律宾反毒品战争已失控 大范围法外处决引争议

2016-08-05 04:02:43   环球时报

自菲律宾“毒品战争”开展以来,该国已经有超过400名涉毒嫌犯被军方、警方甚至民间“义警”当街击毙;一些媒体和人权机构则认为死者已经超过700。由于杜特尔特所提倡的简单粗暴的治毒方式很容易引发大面积的“附带伤害”,“法外处决”行为近日再次引发国内外媒体的激烈争议。CNN4日刊登评论文章,质疑“杜特尔特一手炮制的‘毒品战争’是否已经失控?”

事实上,就连菲律宾总统府发言人阿贝拉3日都承认,这场战争有可能会导致一定的“副作用”:比如对该国体制不抱希望的“义务警察”有可能彻底摒弃现行司法体系;或者敌对帮派势力之间有可能借助政府的“火力援助”趁机拔除异己、从中渔利。

争议与成效并存

本月3日,联合国毒品和犯罪办事处方面发布声明,称对菲律宾的禁毒措施“深感忧虑”。办事处负责人费多托夫表示,自己同联合国秘书长潘基文持相同立场,对菲律宾政府倡导的“法外处决”嫌犯的举措表示谴责,并批评这种举措不仅“违法”、而且“违背最基本的人权和自由”。费多托夫呼吁菲律宾政府采用“以人为本、以证据和权利为根基”的方式实施毒品控制。

对于联合国方面的谴责,菲律宾总统办公室方面并未立即予以回应。英国《卫报》称,杜特尔特对于国际组织或外来势力传播的各种意见是出了名的强硬:刚刚赢得选举时,他就曾经对联合国组织破口大骂:“去你的联合国,中东大屠杀你管不了,非洲大屠杀你也管不了……全给我闭嘴。”

然而,从数据上看,这些备受争议的举措确实有效遏制了该国的犯罪率。6月以来,菲律宾警方在各类执法行动中逮捕了2700多名毒品嫌犯,犯罪率降低了整整13个百分点;不仅如此,全国超过11万毒贩或吸毒者向警方自首,以求“宽大处理”。在菲律宾国内,杜特尔特的相关举措深得民心就在他宣誓就职之前,民调显示高达84%的民众对他“十分信任”。

在社交媒体,菲律宾网民对杜特尔特的看法也存在较大差异。有人称,他包办法官和行刑者、试图“扮演上帝”;本质上和卡扎菲、萨达姆一样都是“杀人狂魔”。但也有不少人对于国际组织和外国媒体的斥责表示不屑一顾,认为“他们根本不了解菲律宾的基本国情”,不了解该国之前的犯罪活动有多猖獗、政府有多腐败、执法部门有多低效。

【环球时报驻美国特约记者 林雪 环球时报特约记者 刘皓然】

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