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谁来清理“堆积如山”的共享单车?

2017-09-09 16:16:39   新华网

交通运输部科学研究院研究员吴洪洋认为,要解决共享单车的潮汐现象和乱停乱放问题,需要多方共治。“政府应该加大一些停车设施的建设。对于不应停共享单车的地方,比如说地铁口、消防通道、安全通道等,应该细化负面清单,在这些地方可以设置禁停区。在重要的通道上也可以设置禁停区。”

同时,吴洪洋认为企业应加强运维管理,增加运维投入,及时对用户进行引导和指导,对不规范停车的行为进行制止,“企业还可以通过信息化的手段,通过手机APP的提示,采用虚拟电子围栏的方式,提示用户哪里是可以停,哪里是不可以停。通过app的方式是正面清单和负面清单相结合。相应的有一些奖励措施和惩罚措施。” 吴洪洋说。

周文辉还建议,要加强媒体的呼吁,对使用者进行教育。对单车企业维护疏导车辆等没有按规定的行为进行监督,甚至是对骑车人进行监督,纳入个人信用档案。

  借鉴国外经验,推动自行车发展

据了解,自行车在很多国家已经融入公共交通,成为其中的一分子。在外国众多自行车的管理经验里,首先政府是一个不可或缺的存在。从对于企业、个人的帮扶、补贴,到法规的完善、基础设施的建设,政府都扮演着推动自行车发展的重要角色。

荷兰在最近十几年来致力于建设自行车停车场。荷兰交通部对专用道的修建还制定了统一标准,规定公共交通要与自行车交通设施连接,鼓励火车和自行车交通衔接。此外,荷兰还拥有完善的自行车指路系统,提供地点、距离、方向等信息,为骑车出行提供便利。

法国巴黎市政府主持建设的自行车专用道路总长为371公里,拥有1750个站点和23600辆自行车。在旧城区,取消了6000个停车位,新增了118公里自行车道。巴黎大部分道路均有护柱设计,可以有效防止小汽车停在人行道上,以方便行人和骑车人。值得一提的是,记者近日发现,北京城区也正在增加护柱设施,防止小汽车乱停乱放。

英国伦敦目前正大力建设自行车道,甚至还提出了建设"自行车高速公路"的计划,打算在高速公路上设置专门的自行车道,以鼓励市民骑车到周边城市旅行。

德国则增设了自行车警察,维持自行车交通秩序,对违规者进行记录、罚款及教育,并主持自行车驾照培训考试工作。在德国,小学生从三年级开始就接受自行车教育,要上30堂自行车课。

同时,国外共享单车的经营模式比较多样,并且因地制宜。国内新兴的企业可以尝试不同模式,进行模式创新,而不是单纯复制ofo、摩拜等巨头的经营模式。同时,这也给ofo、摩拜等巨头进军国外市场提供一些参考,应根据各国的不同情况调整自身的运营模式。 (夏晓伦 陈孟 陈宛钰)

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