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时速4千公里飞铁提出背后:技术未成熟,呼吁资本和政府介入

2017-09-07 09:02:49   中国青年网

目前,超导磁悬浮领域的时速纪录在日本。日本采用低温超导磁浮技术,载人速度可达时速603公里,这一技术业也已成熟。2014年,日本开工建设世界首条最高时速达505公里的超导磁悬浮高速铁路,预期2027年建成通车。

赵勇提到,“日本的这一时速是在稠密大气中间实现的,如果把稠密大气变成低压管道的话,实现时速1000公里理论上是可以实现的。”但无论是真空管道,还是高温超导磁浮技术,或者是把这两项结合起来,“国内国外都是空白,还有很多核心技术要开发。”

《速车系统概论》这本书中就对真空管道设计、速车(编著:类似于高速飞行列车)系统转移冷却、速车驱动和导向、速车路线设计、应急救援等方面进行了探讨,但直到目前为止,这些问题均没有成熟方案。赵勇提到,以真空管道为例,这么庞大体积的真空系统的建立和维护,要做到低成本就是一个大难题。

实验室承受不了的高昂造价

除了技术领域的诸多空白,“高速飞行列车”还不得不面对高昂的开发成本。而这,或许是这一项目突然高调公布的原因之一。航天科工此前就提到,“拟通过商业化、市场化模式”来实现这一项目。

赵勇表示,“确实需要资本市场和国家的关注,因为这不仅仅是从技术层面可以推动的,是涉及面很广的一项高技术。截至目前为止,资本市场基本没有介入,国家直接在真空管道方面的投入也基本没有。”

“现在是需要相关机构共同开发这项技术,而不是说这个技术已经成熟了。需要产业部门介入,国家政府要有投入,把前期技术先开发出来,学校里面的东西只能供参考。”赵勇表示。

即使对赵勇团队而言,若想进一步推进实验,也必须获得更多的资金和国家政策支持。在赵勇的设想里,项目必须要从实验室走向户外。“户外实验首先需要场地,起码要1公里或者2公里的管道做前期试验,中试起码要几十公里,日本600公里时速的磁浮线有三十多公里的线,按照这个比例的话,50到100公里的中试线是需要的”。赵勇认为,这些步骤都必不可少,“没有这些试验,你做出来的东西谁敢用?在这上面反复地试,给出安全性的保障,这样才能推广到工程上去。”

而户外建立真空管道磁悬浮模型造价之高并不是一个实验室所能承受。“投入肯定是以亿为单位的,可以类比一下,地铁的造价是每公里6亿元-10亿元,参照这个数字也不是我们实验室可以做的。”

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