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国企员工持股不是一“持”就灵

2017-08-30 04:50:26   新华网

从根本意义上讲,员工持股还是为了解决“人”的问题。在改革过程中,首先要分清要用股权来激励什么人,要让技术、管理、营销等方面有比较大贡献的人员,尤其是科研人员,成为员工持股的重点,避免员工持股福利化而形成“大锅饭”。

员工持股是一把“双刃剑”,改革中,如果员工持股变成了职工利益优先的原则,把消费者的利益置于脑后,不仅不能提高企业的竞争力,还容易带来侵权事件。美联航航班上的强行赶客事件,就让这家因为员工持股后管理不善的企业,受到了世界舆论的谴责。由于55%股权都掌握在员工手中,董事会作出各项决议时,不再从维护消费者利益以及企业发展战略的角度来考虑,而是更多地维护企业员工的利益。这种“井底之蛙”的做法,给企业发展无疑带来了毁灭性的影响。

这一案例再次向改革者表明,推行员工持股要实现企业和员工的利益共享和风险共担,要处理好“励”与“利”的关系,找到二者的平衡点。对员工来说,改革的关键是实现与激励约束机制相匹配,而不是简单增加福利。

鉴于以往员工持股的改革争议不断,几经反复,作为混合所有制改革一个重要“混合方”的员工持股改革不妨审慎一些,脚步不妨更稳些,在汲取过去经验教训的基础上,先试点、后完善,不断消化实践中遇到的问题,使之能够稳妥向前推进。

(作者:李慧)

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