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31省份金融业增加值占GDP比重大排名

2017-08-21 19:15:33   新华网

为何在上述两个时间段,我国金融业增速迅猛?青岛银行首席经济学家赵建认为,这与2007年世界金融危机和2012年欧债严重危机有很大关系。

他向《中国经济周刊》记者分析说:“为了应对2007年世界金融危机,中央果断推出了‘四万亿’计划,直接通过商业银行发放信贷的形式,向失去动力的经济体系注入‘血液’,开启了商业银行资产负债表大扩张的周期,并由此带来了整个金融业产能的快速扩大和积累。”

赵建分析,2011年之后,中国的信贷刺激政策告一段落,本来金融产能开始逐步消化和释放,“而欧债危机重新让世界陷入危机救助模式,美国加大了量化宽松(QE)力度,先后推出QE2、QE3、QE4。当时,我国面临人民币升值压力,美国QE超发的货币通过各种渠道进入中国,不但增加了我国的外汇储备,也带来了人民币的持续升值,这又进一步吸引大量美元进入国内。在中国强制结售汇制度下,进入央行资产负债表的美元都结算为人民币成为基础货币,为商业银行资产规模的扩张打下流动性基础。因为基础货币到广义货币的传导是有乘数效应的,因此在最高峰有近4万亿美元外汇储备的情况下,假设货币乘数为4.5,可以支撑商业银行创造超过120万亿的广义货币规模,这是次贷危机后中国金融产能大扩张的另一个原因。”

金融业增加值

在国民经济核算中,金融业增加值是金融部门在一定时期内通过提供金融服务创造的价值总量,由融资服务增加值和中间服务增加值组成。融资服务增加值是金融机构提供吸收存款和发放贷款、发行和购买证券等资金融通活动形成的产出;中间服务增加值是金融机构从事证券交易、投资管理、结算、外汇交易等不具有融资性质的中间服务的产出。

  28个省份金融增加值占比超5%,成地方支柱产业

具体到全国31个省份,不少省份在制定金融业“十二五”“十三五”发展规划时都提出了一些明确的量化指标。

一些省份在其金融业“十二五”规划里曾提出要大力发展金融业,如新疆提出,金融业增加值年均增速不低于15%;天津提出,金融业增加值将由2010年的561亿元增加到2015年的1800亿元,占规划地区生产总值16000亿元的11.2%。实际上天津2015年GDP为16538.19亿元,虽然金融业增加值为1603.23亿元,但天津金融业增加值仍占比9.7%。

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