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圆满完成实验任务:揭开全球首颗量子通信卫星身世之谜

2017-08-10 03:34:45   中国青年网

下一代量子通信卫星:微纳卫星

圆满完成了“墨子号”的三大科学试验任务,任继刚一方面松了一口气,一方面也兴奋起来:现在,他们可以利用这个珍贵的星地平台,测试更多有趣的、激动人心的点子。利用好“墨子号”的剩余寿命,获得尽可能多的第一手数据。

“其实搞科研,十个想法里能有一个有一定的可行性,那就赚到了。你可以说这充满了不确定性,也可以说这充满了挑战性。”任继刚说道。

在这次量子隐形传态实验中,量子纠缠和贝尔态测量都是在阿里的地面站中进行的。下一步,团队将在星地量子纠缠分发的基础,再进行贝尔态测量,实现地面站之间的量子隐形传态。

这里存在时间差,就涉及到一个存储量子态的问题。任继刚介绍道,他们正在纠缠源和干涉仪方面进行设计。同时,团队希望和冷原子领域、量子存储领域的研究进行合作,实现突破。

此外,“单兵作战”的“墨子号”位于近地轨道上,运行速度较快,而且受阳光、阴雨天气条件的限制,至少需要三天才能完成全球站点覆盖。为了搭建全球量子通信网络,潘建伟团队必须发射更多低轨或高轨的量子通信卫星,组建星座,尽可能实现在地球上的任意地点,只要天气条件合适,即可实践量子通信。

不久前,潘建伟团队在《自然·光子学》期刊(Nature Photonics)上发表了在青海湖白天远距离(53公里)自由空间量子密钥分发的成果。下一代量子通信卫星将不再怕光,能够白天上岗。

为了降低成本,团队会转向小型化的卫星——几十千克的微纳卫星。廖胜凯介绍道,下一批的量子通信卫星可能会批量生产。

通过十几年,潘建伟团队在地面光纤和卫星量子通信领域都建立了国际领先的地位。廖胜凯提到,奥地利、德国、意大利都有团队,希望建立地面站,与“墨子号”进行合作实验。

“奥地利虽然也早已有类似的方案,但欧洲的决策支持力度不如国内。所以我们能比较快地走上这条成功的路。其实他们还是挺羡慕我们有机会去做这件事。”廖胜凯说道。

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