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外交部回应“中国不执行南海仲裁违反国际法”

2016-05-13 08:47:00    外交部网站

从我刚才介绍的情况来看,在菲律宾所提的南海仲裁案中,仲裁庭在认定对这个案件有管辖权时,无论是在认定事实还是在适用法律上,都存在很多明显的错误,违反了《公约》的规定和宗旨,属于明显的扩权、越权。表面上看,它的每一步程序都走了,貌似非常公正。但即使它表面上走完所有的程序,而在实质问题上,由于认定事实和适用法律方面存在严重的错误,恐怕最终也只是一场精心设计的“走秀”,其结果当然不会有任何的法律效力。

裁决还没有作出来,有的人就迫不及待地跳出来,要中国遵守、执行裁决结果。那么我不禁要问,这些人究竟要中国执行什么样的结果,什么样的内容?如果仲裁庭只是就与领土主权和海洋划界无关的抽象问题发表一些法律观点,那么我们最多是注意到他们的观点,哪里存在什么执行的问题?如果是要用这个裁决来限制中国在南海的主权主张或者主权行动,那岂不正好证明了仲裁庭是在越权裁判?这个裁决又怎么可能是个有效的裁决?

单纯从法律上讲,无论中菲双方观点如何,这个案件都应该是中菲之间的一个普通案件。双方采取什么立场和做法,包括如何对待仲裁结果,这都是中菲两国之间的事。但是我们现在看到的这一台戏,表演的成分实在是太重。不仅在舞台上有主角和配角粉墨登场,而且在观众席上还有“托儿”呼应,真是挖空了心思,无缝衔接,热闹非凡。这种情况我不知道各位记者朋友以前有没有看到过,反正我是第一次看到。如果硬要说这只是一起单纯的国际法事件,以上发生的这些事情都是巧合,你们有人信吗?

另一方面,也必须看到,现在跳出来炒作这个事情的,不管它们多大的声音,多大的声势,但是跟全世界所有国家相比,它们毕竟是少数。而且口口声声把国际法挂在嘴边指责中国的,我们观察了一下,也往往是那些别有用心的政客和非专业人士。恰恰是他们,应该好好补一下国际法的课。我们观察这个案件的关键,不在于中国要不要根据国际法和平解决与菲律宾之间的争端,因为这个答案是非常清楚的,也是非常肯定的;关键在于中国要不要接受一个被菲律宾单方面地、非法地强加于中国的强制仲裁程序问题。这两个问题性质完全不同,不能混为一谈。

这方面理性的声音其实有不少,真正的国际法专家发表了不少严肃的、客观的评论,只不过是被一些人有意的、选择性地给忽视了。归根到底我们是要讲法律,讲事实。一些人偷换概念,混淆是非,颠倒黑白,可能会在一段时间内误导舆论,但是谎言重复一千遍也变不成真理。一些方面如果真的是要发表观点,我们也拦不住,但是希望它们先把情况搞清楚,多一点专业的精神。事实必将证明,中国是国际法坚定的践行者和维护者,中国一点都不感到孤立。谢谢。

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