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27省份明确将去产能作为今年工作重点 力度超前

2016-03-10 01:06:25    经济参考报

原标题:地方去产能力度或超国家规划

煤炭、钢铁化解过剩产能的顶层设计出台后,相关部门和多个省份开始行动起来。《经济参考报》记者了解到, 27个省份都明确将“去产能”作为今年工作重点,重庆、贵州、甘肃、广东、山西、河北、河南等多个省份纷纷制定细化方案和试点计划,重点是淘汰落后产能、僵尸企业退出、战略性兼并重组、国企内部改革。

业内人士认为,此次去产能力度超前,预计各地陆续出台政策后,总去产能规划将超过全国规划,将迎来一轮兼并重组热潮。但是人员安置和债务问题是两大掣肘,对此,相关部门正在摸底测算,将于近期出台相关具体措施。

2015年底,中央经济工作会议确定推进供给侧结构性改革,去产能是五大任务之首,并率先在煤炭和钢铁领域展开。根据今年春节前发布的这两个行业化解过剩产能实现脱困发展指导意见,从2016年开始,用3至5年的时间,再退出煤炭产能5亿吨左右、减量重组5亿吨左右;而粗钢的去产能目标则是5年压减1亿至1.5亿吨。

中国煤炭工业协会数据显示,2015年东部、中部和西部的煤炭产量在全国的占比分别为8.2%、37.1%和52.7%,其中晋陕蒙宁四个省区煤炭产量占到全国的65%以上。

据了解,经过三次大的煤炭资源整合后,山西进入“大矿时代”,进一步压缩淘汰落后产能的空间十分有限,主要难点是衰老矿井和僵尸企业的退出。

“现在山西按照国家的部署,抓紧制定化解煤炭钢铁过剩产能的方案细则,批准后实施。”全国人大代表、山西省省长李小鹏表示。

值得注意的是,山西省煤炭企业中国有企业占比较重,因此推动煤企的改革重点是推动国企的改革,主要是推进煤炭企业结构性重组,推动煤炭企业分离办社会的职能,以及煤炭企业内部的改革。据《经济参考报》记者了解,同煤集团、晋能集团被选为改革试点,目前相关工作正在推进。

“未来五年拟关闭退出12座矿井,化解产能1255万吨,减少亏损12.4亿元,涉及人员14873人,重点通过关闭矿井提前内退、建新矿产能置换、转产转型等三种途径安置。”全国人大代表、同煤集团董事长张有喜说。

与山西不同,内蒙古的中小煤矿仍有不少。全国人大代表、内蒙古自治区发改委主任包满达表示,“十三五”期间内蒙古将继续压缩煤炭产能1亿吨,有280处60万吨/年的煤矿将关闭。据了解,这些矿井并不是一关了之,而是主要通过纵向和横向的各种兼并重组来整合。

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