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北京政协委员:建议拥堵严重区域试点单双号限行

2016-01-21 03:46:52    京华时报

北京市环保监测中心主任张大伟表示,北京地区发生的重污染,一般不会是单独的,周边区域都会伴有大范围重污染的同步性特征。而在重污染过程中,特别是PM2.5浓度快速爬升阶段,燃煤影响显著,有60%的污染都是燃煤贡献的,这不仅包括北京本地的燃煤污染,也包括周边的燃煤污染传输。当浓度上升至一定程度,到了积累阶段,机动车二次转化则会进一步加重污染程度。

因此,北京要想解决冬季的重污染,燃煤是绕不过去的问题。

据2015年底环保部对华北6省(区、市)22个城市(区)的督查数据显示,除北京、天津外,华北地区煤炭在能源消费结构中占比近90%,远超全国平均水平。京津冀区域每年燃煤消耗量为4亿吨,占全国的1/10;京津冀加上山东的煤炭消耗量更是高达10亿吨,占全国的1/4。

 为治理污染

  限行到底应该限制谁?

“如果限制机动车行驶,目的是为了限制污染,那自然是谁排放的污染物量大就限制谁。”柴发合说。目前,北京黄标车已经淘汰完了,那么接下来就是国一、国二的车,按这种顺序不断去限制、淘汰排放量高的车。

有研究表明,1辆黄标车的尾气排放量与28辆“国四”标准汽车的尾气排放量相当。北京从2002年就开始实行黄标车限行,限行范围逐步从二环以内,二环、扩大到五环到六环,2015年1月1日起,包括远郊区县的主要街道都对黄标车限制行驶。

2014年底,通过持续多年的限制行驶、给予淘汰补贴等政策,北京在全国率先淘汰了黄标车。在基本解决了黄标车的问题后,北京又把目标锁定在了国一、国二车辆。

据介绍,北京现有约40万辆国一标准车和50多万辆国二标准车。根据环保部门测算,如果将这近百万辆老旧车辆全部换成国五标准车,将达到机动车单双号限行的减排效果。

近日,市环保局机动车排放管理处副处长连爱萍透露,目前本市相关部门正在开展货运集散地及物流园区全部迁到六环以外或本市以外区域的研究,计划市内运输任务由市绿色车队或者纯电动车承担,将全天禁止外地大货车进入六环以内。

“淘汰老旧车,限制高排放车,这些都是比较好的措施,该采取时要坚决采取。但是对于涉及到老百姓的措施,一定要经过充分的论证,不是靠拍脑袋决定。”柴发合表示。

 限行常态化

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