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麦当劳将停用抗生素鸡肉 中国不在第一批名单中

2017-08-24 15:24:44   新华网

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麦当劳在美停用抗生素产品引质疑:一块鸡肉两套标准】


麦当劳“一块鸡肉两套标准”被质疑

——法治周末记者 辛颖

近日,麦当劳宣布2017年停止在美使用饲养过程中摄入人类抗生素的鸡肉。然而对于这一变化并不适用于中国市场,在两个国家出现标准差异的问题随即引起了舆论风暴。

这一只针对美国的计划不仅引起中国消费者的关注,英国一家慈善机构发起一场电邮运动,呼吁消费者向麦当劳CEO史蒂夫-伊斯特布鲁克(Steve Easterbrook)发送电邮,呼吁麦当劳在全球100多个国家的3万多个门店中停止供应使用人类抗生素的肉类和乳制品,而不只局限于美国的麦当劳餐厅和鸡肉制品。

针对中国消费者的质疑,麦当劳中国方面官方回应表示,在动物治病过程中使用抗生素是必须的。麦当劳要求中国供应商对于抗生素的使用须严格遵守国家相关的法律法规。“我们将与相关政府部门、供应商、专家协作,根据中国农业的实际情况,逐步推进行业的发展。”

8月18日,农业部作出回应我国最新制定的5450项农药残留限量标准,在2020年将覆盖主要农产品(9.060, 0.00, 0.00%)。

业绩压力下的“停抗生素”计划

早在2015年3月,麦当劳就在其官网上宣布,将在未来的两年内逐渐采购没有使用过“对人有重要影响的抗生素”的鸡肉,这被称为“停抗生素”计划。

“麦当劳近日的宣布只是提前完成这一转换而已。”食品工程博士、美国食品技术协会高级会员云无心说道。

无论麦当劳提出“停抗生素”这一计划在其他国家引起了怎样的反响,毋庸置疑,麦当劳初衷还是希望向大本营美国市场传递一个产品更加健康的信号。然而在传递这一信号的同时,麦当劳的业绩压力已持续了相当一段时间。

麦当劳最新第二季度财报发现,麦当劳实现营收62.7亿美元,同比下降3.5%,净利润10.9亿美元,较上年同期12亿美元也有所下降。

麦当劳的营收已经有多个季度持续下滑,从2014年三季度到今年二季度,营业收入呈现下降趋势,具体来看分别为营收69.9亿美元、65.7亿美元、59.6亿美元、65亿美元、66.2亿美元、63.4亿美元、59亿美元和62.7亿美元。

在营收下滑的同时,净利润也在逐步走低,其2015年三季度、2015年四季度、2016年一季度和2016年二季度,麦当劳的净利润分别为13.1亿美元、12.1亿美元、11亿美元、10.9亿美元。

除此之外,麦当劳已经开始引进资本。

今年3月底,麦当劳中国宣布计划在麦当劳中国内地市场引进战略投资者,未来战略投资者将在麦当劳中国中占据多数股权,此举也被解读为麦当劳中国有意出售在上述市场20年期特许经营权。同期,麦当劳在中国香港及韩国等地也在计划引进战略投资者。

与此同时,麦当劳的“停抗生素”计划也在推进。

实际上,麦当劳还同时宣布了将提供没有使用过生长激素的牛奶,但此事并未引起国内关注。这主要是由于美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)允许企业使用生长激素来增加牛奶的产量,在外包装上也不需要标注。消费者希望饮用没有使用过生长激素的牛奶,但商家却不能宣传这样的牛奶有什么好处。但在中国,政府不允许对牛奶中使用生长激素,所以麦当劳在中国卖的牛奶本身都是“无生长激素”的。

而对于此举对市场可能产生的影响,云无心向记者表示,麦当劳是美国最大的鸡肉消耗商,他们的这一决定将会迫使其他同行跟进。而这样的市场变化必然会导致鸡肉供应商养殖成本的提高。在短期内,这些成本会由产销供应链中的环节来承担,但到最后,一定是市场重新洗牌,产销链每一级中的胜利者都会是赚得更多——他们赚的钱,最终不是来源于鸡,而是来源于吃鸡的人。

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