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1984年春,读了《西行漫记》而“被长征的重大历史意义所吸引”的美国作家哈里森·索尔兹伯里偕夫人夏洛特沿红军长征路线进行了采访,并完成了《长征——前所未闻的故事》。索尔兹伯里不顾年迈体衰,心脏病发,坚持从瑞金走到吴起镇,行程11500多公里,他认为:“只有走过了这样的路程,只有吃过这样的苦,才能理解红军长征的伟大。”同时,他还访问了参加过长征的党政军领导人和许多红军老战士。和许多作者一样,他盛赞长征在人类历史中的巨大意义,“人类有文字记载以来最令人振奋的大无畏事迹”,长征“是一次充满了集体英雄主义、献身精神和希望的举世无双的行动”。在书中,他还阐述了许多自己的深刻洞见。对长征在革命年代的价值,他写道:“长征是一篇史诗。这不仅是因为淳朴的战士及其指挥员们所体现的英雄主义精神,还因为长征实际上成了中国革命的熔炉。”索尔兹伯里敏锐地观察到了长征精神在中国改革开放这一“新长征”中的重要价值,“长征体现了勇气、毅力、智慧和艰苦奋斗,这和中国现在的现代化过程所需的勇气、毅力、智慧和艰苦奋斗的精神相同,因为两者都为一个共同的目标奉献。”他告诉世界,长征“所表现的英雄主义精神激励着一个有11亿人口的民族,使中国朝着一个无人能够预言的未来前进。”
和索尔兹伯里的相识“最终促使”杨炳章下决心研究长征。1990年,他在美国出版了《从革命到政治:长征与毛泽东的崛起》,这本书被认为是“一本严谨的、全面研究长征”的学术性专著,通过“革命理想主义”和“政治现实主义”的模式来解释,长征途中中国共产党“在地域和战略上的关键性转变”。作者基于地缘政治的视角研究长征,他指出:长征是共产主义运动“从中南地区到大西北的一个必要的总体转移”,从此,中共进入了“中国的政治舞台的中心”,同时,华北、西北“没有被触动过”的乡村社会,也为中共“保留了一种高度的政治潜能”。
“克服落后东西的必要因素”
在海外学界出版的许多党史、国史和领袖传记中也就长征这一“人类历史上一个伟大业绩”,做出了经典性的描写和阐述。

甘肃会宁县城西津门,1936年10月2日,红一方面军骑兵奔袭会宁,首先攻开此门,打开了胜利通道。随后,红四、红二方面军先后与红一方面军在会宁、将台堡(今宁夏西吉县将台乡)胜利会师,举世闻名的红军长征胜利结束。1958年,西津门改建为红军会师楼。(资料图片)
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