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宋美龄为何屡次拒见丘吉尔:对中国有意蔑视

2016-06-21 14:43:49   人民网

1941年1月成立了“中国缅印马军事考察团”,由商震、林蔚挂帅,赴缅甸、印度、马来西亚等国做了3个月的实地考察,以共同商定保全缅甸的军事计划。5、6月,中国方面根据考察情况提交了洋洋30余万言的报告书,拟定了中、英、缅共同防御计划草案。然而,英国却不重视这个考察报告。不久,中国军方向英方提出《中英共同防御意见书》,同样未采纳。此后半年多,英国既未对中英共同防御着手准备,亦不同意中国军队入缅布防。这是因为英国军事当局认为以大英帝国的招牌,以英国的雄厚的力量,日寇断不敢轻易挑衅,它们决不会在马来半岛和缅甸遭到地面进攻。即使日本要截断滇缅路,肯定是从中缅或中老(挝)边境,而不会是经过缅甸。相反的是,英国视中国为“长期威胁其殖民主义政策的民族主义国家”,防范着中国势力进入它的殖民地缅甸,担心中国进入缅甸后赖着不离开,故千方百计反对中国军队入缅布防,强调中国军队只能在中老、中缅边境上布防。由于英国的虚荣、固执,中英军事合作问题被束之高阁,坐失良机。

太平洋战争爆发后,为应付危机,经蒋介石提议,征得美国总统罗斯福同意,1941年12月23日,中、美、英三国在重庆蒋介石官邸举行联合军事会议,史称“东亚军事会议”。

宋美龄出席会议,亲眼目睹了蒋介石与英国代表驻印度总司令韦维尔的争执过程。蒋介石为维护盟国利益,提出“如果英国需要,我国可派80000人入缅作战。”韦维尔却傲慢地答称:“如果由贵国军队解放缅甸,实在是英国人的耻辱。”明确表示:“我们只请中国能惠允拨借美援物资就可以了”,并表示:英国向中国所借的物资“亟盼紧要关头过去之后,我方即能如数偿还”,避免给中国留下“来此乞援之印象”。韦维尔的无理与言语中对中国的轻蔑让宋美龄气愤,她发言中指出:“请注意中国的地位!”史汀生也因此批评韦维尔“过于武断,不讲方法,还以旧日的英国方式对待中国。”

罗斯福也竭力劝诫丘吉尔不要过于轻视中国的作用。他对丘吉尔说:“如果人口众多的中国走上日本近一个世纪来所走的道路,并拥有现代化武器,将会出现什么情况呢?”他要求丘吉尔抛弃殖民帝国的陈见,如果要中国在未来发挥大国的作用,现在就必须像对待大国一样对待它。丘吉尔不以为然地回答说:“我出任英国首相不是为了主持大英帝国的葬礼。”

太平洋战争爆发后,英国远东部队在日本的攻击下一筹莫展,英国海军远东舰队全军覆没,缅甸、印度均告急。英国向中国请援。中国在世界人民、世界反法西斯战场最需要的时候,没有退缩,派出的第一支远征军,10万中国官兵依靠简陋武器、在供养极差的情况下英勇作战,在面临绝境、在惨绝人寰的情况奋勇求生,同古战役与仁安羌战役,曾轰动英伦之岛,戴安澜将军英勇捐躯,孙立人将军获得英国皇家勋章。而英国一直表现得极端自私自利,当中国远征军攻至缅甸仰光附近,就赶紧后撤。在整个缅甸保卫战中,英军没有作任何战略配合,甚至不向中国军队提供关于缅甸的任何信息,一心只想在中国军队掩护下逃往印度。中国远征军的失败自有英军的“功劳”。

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