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英媒关注中国推广乙醇汽油 减少碳排放改善空气污染

2017-09-16 01:00:20   参考消息

参考消息网9月16日报道 英媒称,继中国工业和信息化部官员称已开始研究淘汰以电油柴油驱动的汽车后,中国官方又发布计划在2020年前在全国推广使用车用乙醇汽油

据英国广播公司网站9月14日报道,中国计划推广的车用乙醇汽油又称为E10,在普通的汽油加添10%的乙醇,而乙醇则从玉米、小麦等农产品发酵而成。中国官方发出的文件指,推广使用车用乙醇汽油可以改善国内的能源结构,并减少汽车二氧化碳等污染物的排放。

资料图片:这是2008年3月31日,在位于巴西东北部城市伊拉瓜拉的巴西生态柴油公司,一名技术人员展示生物柴油样品。新华社记者张传奇摄

北京发出的文件透露,政府早在2001年为处理一些开始变质的粮食,便开始试验生产生物燃料乙醇试点。香港理工大学应用生物及化学科技学系副教授兼副系主任容家富认为,这种方式其实可行。

根据路透社的数字,中国现有约2亿吨玉米库存,每年生产足够的乙醇汽油需要消耗约4500万吨玉米。

容家富指出,除了用农产品可吃的部分,废弃的部分也可以用来制作车用乙醇,称为纤维素乙醇,这种方式在技术上是可行的。

驻北京的绿色和平能源分析员罗拉承认,纤维素乙醇的制造成本比较高,但目前国内普遍把这些废弃的部分烧掉,产生空气污染。他认为把这些部分转化成燃料是一个“有用的投资”。

他向BBC强调,推广车用乙醇这个计划能否真正改善中国的污染问题,关键在于选用什么原材料。

有研究显示,大部分近年出产的汽车都无需改装就能使用混合10%乙醇的汽油。

容家富认为,中国距离全面淘汰传统动力汽车尚有一段时间,而在这段期间汽车仍要需要使用汽油,推广使用车用乙醇汽油的确能减少碳排放。

中国官方新华社也引述业内人士指出,完全不用汽油和柴油驱动的新能源汽车早晚会成为趋势,但转换过程有多快仍然取决于技术和配套设施等发展。

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