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中国商用航空梦除了C919 这两件事也引人注目

2017-09-15 01:09:14   参考消息

参考消息网9月15日报道 美媒称,中国在商用航空工业领域的抱负早已众所周知,而近期中国取得的几个里程碑式成就让其梦想进一步接近现实。

据美国《航空和空间技术周刊》网站9月11日报道,在1999年成立的中国航空工业第一、第二集团公司事实上标志着中国开始进入商用飞机市场,自那以后没人怀疑中国的抱负,以及其航空工业的发展方向。但是当时外界对中国何时能实现这个抱负不太确定。此后近20年里,形势变得越来越清楚,如今中国无疑正在走向成功,有望避免其他几个国家折戟的命运,在大型商用飞机制造领域分得一杯羹,并打破空中客车公司和波音公司形成的长期双头垄断局面。

资料图片:中国首款国际主流水准的干线客机C919在上海浦东国际机场首飞成功(5月5日摄)。新华社记者方喆摄

报道称,没有其他哪个国家能有中国的资本:一个拥有明确的长期经济和战略规划的稳定政府,以及一个巨大的国内市场。根据各项市场预测,到2036年,中国的国内航空客流量预计将是如今的四倍,达到16亿人次,超过2036年美国国内预计航空客流量的两倍。

报道称,中国设计和制造的飞机要在世界舞台上与波音737或空客A320等客机正面交锋,仍有很长的路要走。但尽管如此,中国的发展势头摆在那里,其航空工业也正在进入一个发展和成熟的新阶段。

大部分观察人士会用去年5月首次试飞的C919单过道大型客机来说明中国航空工业的发展成就。然而还有其他两件事也引人注目。

报道称,第一件事是去年中国成立了中国航空发动机集团,对航空发动机技术和能力进行整合,并展示开发国产飞机发动机现在已是中国的一个优先战略重点。如今中国已经可以获得金属铼,这种稀有金属可合成超耐热合金,用于生产高压喷气发动机的涡轮叶片。2010年中国陕西省发现铼,占全球储量的7%,此后中国做了大量努力开采并提取这种金属。此外,中国公司最近还取得一个重大技术里程碑,打开了量产单晶涡轮叶片的大门,这是现代喷气式发动机的关键组件。

第二件值得关注的事情是中国商飞公司最近的一轮融资行为——该公司上个月以10年期债权投资计划的形式筹集150亿元人民币资金,另外还有今年6月空中客车公司和中国国家发展和改革委员会签署的谅解备忘录。这个融资行为和谅解备忘录意在帮助中国形成发展成熟、具有竞争力的国内供应链,前者向供应链注入研究和发展资金,而后者整合空中客车公司全球供应网络中的中国供应商。根据《中国制造2025》计划,到2025年实现中国供应商提供飞机80%的部件的目标。

这些事件和战略计划说明,中国航空产业已经认识到,要想成为全球市场的一个有力竞争者,就既需要深度,也需要广度。通过在价值链的两头着手——飞机设计和最后组装——中国人如今知道,从长期来看他们的产业成功与否,取决于价值链中间环节的发展,也就是部件和子系统部分。

报道称,中国正在全国范围深度投入产业布局,从天津和上海等海滨城市到陕西和四川等西部省份的新产业前线,从稀有金属加工到复杂飞机部件的生产和组装。中国正在向世界展示,就其商业航空成就而言,更大的还在后头。

责任编辑:任冲 CN062
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