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中国人为这个不公平待遇奋斗15年 如今终于看到曙光

2017-06-02 16:15:09   中国网

原标题:重大胜利!中国人为这个不公平待遇奋斗了15年,如今终于看到曙光

在历史的长河中,15年的时间不算什么,但是对于一代人来说,却足够漫长。

如今,距离中国2001年12月11日加入WTO(世界贸易组织)已经过去了15年多的时间,在中国入世议定书签订之初,其中第15条允许其他世贸组织成员在对华反倾销调查中使用“替代国”做法,但明确写明这一做法要在中国入世15年后,即2016年12月11日终止,然而彼时,中国却并未获得约定好的权益。

随着中德两国总理在柏林的年度会晤,这一对中国不公平的规定终于有望打破。当地时间6月1日,默克尔公开表态:德国支持欧盟履行中国入世议定书第15条义务。

图片来源:中国政府网

对此,有分析指出,一旦取消“替代国”做法,欧盟就很难再对中国商品征收高额的反倾销税,这将成为近年来影响国内经济最为重要的事件之一。

不公平的“替代国”做法

所谓“替代国”做法,是指其他世贸组织成员在对华反倾销、反补贴调查中,可以不以中国商品的实际成本为依据,而是选择一个“替代国”的同类商品价格。可以想见,如果这个“替代国”的这类商品的生产成本很高,那么以此来衡量中国商品显然是有失偏颇的。

在中国农科院农经所研究员郭静利看来,“替代国”的做法让国内企业背负了不公平的竞争后果。

郭静利表示:

在这条规定下,“替代国”做法对我国企业的损害主要在于,我国企业本身都是在激烈的市场竞争中运行的,贸易产品的成本及利润的计算本身是市场经济发展的结果。当用“替代国”商品来衡量我国商品价值时,就会产生失真。而对美欧等一些国家而言,其争辩的是对我国市场经济地位的认可与否,他们的借口是我国政府给了企业很多补贴。

事实上,“替代国”做法已经给中国企业造成了不小损失。此前每日经济新闻(微信号:nbdnews)就报道过类似案例:

2014年6月,美钢铁工人联合会向美商务部提交申请,要求对华乘用车和轻卡轮胎启动反倾销反补贴调查。

2015年6月,美国商务部公布了“双反”(反倾销反补贴)调查终裁结果,向中国厂商征收14.35%~87.99%的反倾销税和20.73%~100.77%的反补贴税。而在此次终裁中,美国使用了泰国作为替代国来计算中国产品的正常价值。

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