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国产大飞机办个证,为啥需要总理亲自过问?(图)

2017-06-02 07:33:48   中国青年网

原标题:为给国产大飞机办个证,总理也是操碎了心

李克强总理正在欧洲访问。他此行的行程极满,要在三天内连访德国、比利时、欧盟,参加几十场活动。而这已经是李克强任总理来第9次跟默克尔会晤,足见中德、中欧交往之密切和深入。

当地时间5月31日下午,在跟德国总理默克尔的会晤中,李克强有句话引起了我们的注意——“希望德方为C919取得欧盟适航许可提供支持”。

国产大飞机首飞给国人带来的喜悦犹在昨日,总理的这句话则让人心生好奇:“欧盟适航许可”是何物,得总理层面亲自过问才行?

为了解答这一问题,侠客岛请教了中国民航上海适航审定中心飞行性能室主任、C919型号合格审定委员会成员揭裕文。

适航证

适航证(airworthiness certificate),是由适航当局根据民用航空器产品和零件合格审定的规定,对民用航空器颁发的证件,证明该航空器处于安全可用状态。

“通常所说的适航证,是指型号合格证,说明飞机型号设计符合安全标准。”揭裕文说。

简单说,就是说你这个飞机已经符合了我的标准,可以飞了。

这个标准谁来定呢?各主权国家都有专门的航空安全机构进行适航认证。在中国,是民用航空局(CAAC);美国的联邦航空局(FAA);欧盟则是欧洲航空安全局(EASA)。

比如C919,要从北京飞欧洲,得拿到EASA的适航证;要飞美国,就得拿到FAA的适航证。换句话说,中国大飞机若想飞越别国领空、进军国际市场,就必须获得国外适航证。而在国际上,美国和欧盟的是影响力最大、最受普遍认可的。

这也不难理解。美国和欧洲的航空工业发达,起步更早,经验也更丰富。FAA和EASA适航认证体系,对航空器的适航性、航空人员胜任能力,以及飞行程序和航空运行的适宜性等,都有较为完善的审核机制。通过其认证的飞机,在理论上一般有较高的安全性。

而在世界上的其他地方,因为技术标准赶不上美欧,所以大多就参考这套标准,或者直接要求进入本国的民航飞机符合这些标准。因此,美欧的适航标准,也就成了国际民航业事实上的准入标准。

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