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学者:楼市火爆买房越来越难 对年轻人不公平

2016-09-28 07:33:53   一财网

近期部分大中城市房价快速上涨成为市场关注焦点。

9月26~27日,上海财经大学举办的新型城镇化与城市治理现代化国际研讨会,中国行政体制改革研究会秘书长王满传在会后接受第一财经记者采访时称,当前房价快速上涨对刚进入职场的年轻人太不公平,房价暴涨容易形成马太效应,让富人越富,穷人越穷,而年轻人买房越来越难。

他认为,当前应该尽快推出房地产税来调控房地产市场。

国家行政学院经济部教授冯俏彬在上述研讨会上表示,近些年地方财政收入吃紧。土地出让金是政府重要的财源,前两年土地出让金收入放缓,但今年土地出让金收入又增长,媒体上有观察认为地方政府通过推高地价的方式来弥补财政收支缺口,进而对房价上涨做了一点贡献,这个是成立的,但不是房价上涨的全部成因。

冯俏彬告诉第一财经记者,当前房价上涨的核心问题是房子成为了投资品,如果让房价回落,就需要让房子重新回归消费品。房价上涨是多方面因素造成,但是如果开征房地产税,会让房产持有人考虑持有房产成本问题,而且房产增值越多,征税额就越高,在这种情况下,会对房价冷却起到一定作用。但是别指望房地产税承担房价调控所有作用,毕竟房价涨跌还和央行印票子和政府在控制土地供应相关。

十八届三中全会首次提到“加快房地产税立法并适时推进改革”,2014年财政部部长楼继伟在《求是》撰文时也曾提到房地产税构想。

楼继伟表示,总的方向是,在保障基本居住需求的基础上,对城乡个人住房和工商业房地产统筹考虑税收与收费等因素,合理设置建设、交易、保有环节税负,促进房地产市场健康发展,使房地产税逐步成为地方财政持续稳定的收入来源。

2015年8月,经过调整的十二届全国人大常委会立法规划公布,房地产税正式列入该规划。另外,房地产税还在今年和去年同时被列入全国人大常委会当年立法工作计划,属于立法预备项目。

今年全国“两会”上,全国人大常委会预算工作委员会副主任刘修文透露,房地产税法由预算工作委员会和财政部牵头研究,调整后的人大常委会立法规划已将房地产税法列入了第一类的立法项目。

7月23日的G20财长和央行行长会议税收高级别研讨会上,财政部部长楼继伟称义无反顾地推出房地产税。

近日,华夏新供给经济学研究院院长贾康告诉第一财经记者,目前房地产税推进非常困难,没多大实质性进展。在当前房价暴涨的背景下,应该加快房地产税立法。

冯俏彬对第一财经记者表示,房地产税学界已经研究了十几年,各个国家房地产税税制的比较,各个方案的优缺点研究很充分,房地产税方案技术上没有问题,现在问题是决策层选择哪种方案,以及确定出台时机而对社会冲击效应最小。

她认为,当前房价高涨,房地产税呼声较高,可能是出台比较好的时机,但房地产税立法需要几年时间,短期内很难推出。

近日,住建部原副部长仇保兴向媒体表示,现在影响房地产趋势一把利剑是开征房地产税,今年曾向国务院提交建议,将房地产税变成一个组合税,分成四个税种,即消费税、空置税、转让税、物业税,依据不同情况施策,增加征收的合理性。

以意大利罗马等地实行的消费税为例,其实施方式为,首套购房免税,第二套购房征收14%的消费税,第三套购房征收26%的消费税,第四套房征收40%的消费税等,这被称为房地产暴热期的瞬时冷却剂。

国家统计局数据显示,在全国70个大中城市中,8月份新建商品住宅比去年同期上涨的城市达62个,其中厦门、合肥、南京同比涨幅高达44.3%、40.5%、38.8%。近期苏州、厦门、南京等地重启限购政策。

责任编辑:李东舰 CN031
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