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菲学者称:中菲关系转换与“偶然事态”有关

2017-08-15 15:37:10   参考消息网

核心提示:文章称,菲律宾现政府对华政策的转变相对成功,这有赖于一些偶然事态的发展,机缘巧合发挥了一定作用。

参考消息网8月15日报道 澳大利亚东亚论坛网站8月13日发表菲律宾大学中国研究与国际关系教授艾琳·巴维耶拉的文章《杜特尔特的对华政策转变:是战略使然还是机缘巧合?》称,菲律宾现政府对华政策的转变相对成功,这有赖于超出总统罗德里戈·杜特尔特控制力的偶然事态发展,机缘巧合发挥了一定作用。

文章称,杜特尔特背弃了上届政府反对中国在南海行为的立场,淡化海上争端而主张与中国建立密切的经济和政治联系。这一转变得到了回报,中方承诺投入大笔资金支持菲律宾基础设施建设,诸多项目正在洽谈中。菲律宾渔民恢复了在黄岩岛附近的正常捕鱼活动。中国现在将菲律宾视为在亚洲基础设施投资银行和“一带一路”倡议中一个受欢迎的合作伙伴,中国还同意与东盟签署南海行为准则。不仅如此,马尼拉和北京之间的双边对话已恢复,包括5月在杜特尔特参加了“一带一路”峰会之后两国就争端本身举行了会谈。

考虑到短短一年前的敌对状态,马尼拉和北京之间的关系真的在一夜之间改头换面了吗?两国的切身利益已经发生巨变从而让它们能够轻松地翻开新的一页从头开始吗?或者,难道是战略有了重大转折但目标一如既往?

文章称,杜特尔特的不放弃但不再强调领土和海上问题并将它们区分开来的战略是明智之举,若执行得当就会取得成效。目前菲律宾的持续高增长和投资者对它的信心恰逢中国将对菲律宾的大力投资作为“一带一路”倡议的一部分,通过将经济关系和对主权纠纷的处理脱钩,马尼拉可以从北京获益。杜特尔特的对华政策转变也减少了东盟围绕如何处理争端的分歧。与此同时,它迫使之前搭菲律宾便车的一些其他利益相关者在这个问题上作出更多努力,从而缓解了菲律宾承受的压力。

文章称,到目前为止,这个政策转变的相对成功结果有赖于超出杜特尔特控制力的偶然事态发展。机缘巧合发挥了一定作用。一个机缘巧合事件是美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的当选。考虑到特朗普的对华外交政策尚不明朗,北京有理由在南海更为审慎地行事。但是,由于特朗普参与南海事务的决心也不明朗,菲律宾有理由让它与美国的军事合作退居其次,回归以外交为主的轨道。

对杜特尔特来说,另一个偶然事态发展是中国推出“一带一路”倡议,它致力于推动由中国主导的经济、基础设施和金融互联互通,把亚洲、欧洲和非洲连接起来。中国希望它能刺激全球经济增长。“一带一路”的成功实施将使中国进一步跻身主要国家行列,但它有赖于中国运用软外交和表现出国际主义者风范。这可能会给予杜特尔特喘息空间修复与中国的关系,并重新定位与美国的联盟关系使之趋向一致目标。

文章称,国家利益或许并未改变,但情势的这些偶然性变化为菲律宾朝着杜特尔特和中国都比较喜欢的方向调整战略铺平了道路。

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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