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学者称西方对华太无知 该好好学中国历史

2017-08-10 13:07:59   参考消息网

核心提示:美国布鲁金斯学会进行的一项研究估计,接下来产生的10亿中产人口中有88%都可能出现在亚太地区。学习中国哲学、历史、音乐、绘画、书法和文学将带来极其丰厚的文化回报。

参考消息网8月10日报道 香港《南华早报》网站8月8日发表瑞士国际管理发展研究院荣誉退休教授、香港大学客座教授让-皮埃尔·莱曼的文章《为何世界有必要学习中国历史以及中国的历史观》称,21世纪远未迎来“新的世界秩序”,而是以动荡的不确定性为标志。可以达成共识的事情屈指可数,但是有一件事情似乎是无需辩驳的:与19世纪和20世纪的中国(当时它是全球事务的次要和被动参与者)形成鲜明对比的是,21世纪的中国正在并且必将扮演根本性的角色。这一点不需要进一步展开。

莱曼称,在上述背景下,西方对中国是如此无知,而且看起来它还打算继续维持现状,这一点令人沮丧,也令人担忧。莱曼举了以下几个的经历进行说明。

莱曼称,他每年都要在欧洲和中国之间往返6次以上,而且每次都要搭乘商务舱,每一次同舱的大多数乘客都是白人中年男性高管。而且这些在世界各地飞来飞去的高管中的大多数人不是在睡觉,就是在观看视频或是电影,而不是读有关中国哲学、儒家学说、中国历史和中国文化的书,甚至连中国经济和商业方面的书籍也不读。

莱曼称,最近,两位前往中国的英国高管承认,他们从来没有听说过、或是仅仅隐约听说过鸦片战争。莱曼在今年1月为即将前往中国开展“教育”之旅的约100名高管(他们中许多人都是第一次去中国)教授的预备课上,重点探讨了一个问题:为了弄清中国未来的发展方向,得弄清它是从怎样的历史中走来。因此,他们学习了以下问题:儒家学说,包括它对欧洲启蒙运动哲学家康德的影响;中国对其世界地位的传统观点;郑和的航海旅行及其重要性;以及凡此种种,直至当代问题——比如台湾的地位。由于这次课只有四个小时,深入探讨其中任何一个问题都是不可能的。但是在进行介绍的过程中,莱曼列出了许多供进一步阅读的参考书目,包括中国小说。

莱曼称,这些努力石沉大海。听课的高管抱怨说,预备课没有对“当代相关问题”给予足够的重视。其中一人写道:“为什么他给我们推荐所有这些书,而他明知我们中90%的人永远不会去读?”

莱曼称,在讲课时,他还没有读过美国哥伦比亚大学教授霍华德·弗伦奇的杰出著述——《天下万物:历史如何帮助中国力争成为全球强国》。霍华德·弗伦奇提出了如下重要论点,即在当前时代,西方人不仅必须熟知中国历史,还要熟知中国的历史观。在过去两个世纪里,西方的历史观居于统治地位。从定义就能看出,这种历史观是狭隘和有选择性的。由于人们正迈入一个中国在其中越来越重要的时代,重视霍华德·弗伦奇的观点就显得十分重要了。

莱曼称,对中国了解的加深将带来实实在在的好处。美国布鲁金斯学会进行的一项研究估计,接下来产生的10亿中产人口中有88%都可能出现在亚太地区。学习中国哲学、历史、音乐、绘画、书法和文学将带来极其丰厚的文化回报。

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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