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金特会后半岛和平进程阻力很可能将来自美国内部

2018-06-13 08:16:33    环球时报

原标题:社评:美韩若停军演,半岛局势将再迈大步

特朗普星期二下午与金正恩会晤结束后单独举行记者会,透出美朝声明之外的更多信息。他表达了对朝美峰会结果的满意,赞扬金正恩“非常出色”,认为后者“将以为朝鲜人民开辟安全繁荣新时代的领袖被铭记”。他还对朝鲜方面会履行双方协议表达了信心。他透露自己将在合适的时候邀请金正恩访问美国。

特朗普还说,朝鲜已经在摧毁一座主要的导弹引擎试验场地,而且这是在联合声明文件已经签署之后达成的。

特朗普还尤其强调,美国将停止“战争游戏”,这被普遍解读为他在暗示美国要停止与韩国联合军演,而这一直是朝鲜方面的主要诉求之一。另外他表示要带驻韩美军回家,尽管这不是现在讨论的事情。

如果美国能够停止与韩国的联合军演,将是朝鲜半岛局势向好发展的一大步。至此朝鲜半岛将基本实现中国的“双暂停”倡议,即朝鲜停止核导试验,美韩停止联合军演。而且这一局面将推动半岛无核化和商谈半岛永久和平机制的“双轨并进”进程。半岛局势确将翻开新的一页。

半岛地区的军事活动将整体降温,美方减少在这里的军事参与,并且最终从这里撤军,半岛彻底走出冷战的残存阴影,如果这能成为半岛政治进程的稳定方向,那么全地区都将从中受益。

而一旦朝核问题得到彻底解决,事情的发展会自然指向上述脉络。因为“朝鲜的威胁”不复存在,美韩继续从事大规模军演,华盛顿保持在韩国驻军又是为了什么呢?这些根本性问题不久就将接踵而来。

美韩舆论都怀疑朝鲜不会积极落实达成的协议,但今后半岛和平进程的大部分阻力很可能来自美韩,甚至日本。金特会刚结束,就有西方舆论质疑特朗普从这场金特会上“一无所获”,朝鲜收获更多,这样的声音接下来很可能在美韩和西方舆论中发酵。

美国舆论长期敌视朝鲜,美国的议员和不喜欢特朗普的意见领袖们可以找到无数理由,反对特朗普政府开始与朝鲜互动甚至做出某些“让步”。那些力量会增加特朗普在与金正恩推进双方协议时的被牵制感,迫使他更加谨慎。

韩国的亲美力量一直把美国在韩保持驻军看成韩国安全的基石,并且愿意把美韩联合军演持续下去,以此作为加强美韩关系的纽带。随着局势缓和,美国减少在半岛的军事存在和活跃度,未必是那些人希望看到的。

日本对半岛局势缓和尤其有复杂的感受。东京愿意美国在东北亚采取强硬政策,这样会增加对日本的借重,提升日本的战略存在感。

前一段时间特朗普的主要对手是平壤,今后他在朝鲜问题上的掣肘很可能会大部分来自国内。在与朝鲜反复打交道之后,特朗普团队开始有了一些更为务实的认识和思维,但是美国那些不当家不知柴米贵的力量大概很愿意搅局,他们会把让特朗普出丑远远放在维护美国长远利益之上。在美朝协调机制开始运转之后,那些人将成为特朗普在朝鲜问题上面临的“新敌人”。

特朗普和金正恩的确面临“创造历史”的机会。如果特朗普能够把半岛无核化问题推进到底,金正恩能把朝鲜带向繁荣,都将非常了不起。不过,成大事必有不寻常的付出,特朗普对这个道理尤其不应陌生。


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