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张颐武:王菊,值得关注的文化现象

2018-06-08 10:01:11    环球时报

原标题:张颐武:王菊,值得关注的文化现象

一个叫王菊的女孩,最近突然火了,并成为一种值得关注的文化现象。这并非偶然,是大众文化的活力和可能性的新表征。

在对女团选拔的节目《创造101》中,王菊能火,确实出人意料。因为她的形象普通,没有大众标准下的明星脸和明星范儿。但正是这“普通”,加上王菊本人巧妙而富有张力的表现,让原本的劣势反而变成了优势。一种“普通”女生的特质,一种并无高高在上,让人不可企及的平民化特征,一种没有刻意的“美丽”,反而引发了对于她普遍的强烈的新的认同感。如同一股泥石流冲击清泉,其对比鲜明的反差都进一步强化了王菊带给大众的印象冲击,使得她得以维持、巩固、扩大在大众中的影响力。

毕竟大部分人都是普通人,芸芸众生需要有他们的文化代表。而王菊的自尊自信自强也给了同样作为普通人的观众以信心和力量。很多观众在王菊身上找到了自己,或者自己希望获得的力量,他们支持着王菊过关斩将,自己也获得成就感参与感。

从这一现象中我们可以看到,大众文化风潮已被网络文化主导,一种对标准明星范儿的厌倦甚至反感在滋生。这看起来像是一种文化反叛,实际是过去多次出现的大众价值观反转。每个时代都有每个时代的文化表征,所谓主流文化和边缘文化,在不同的时代交替转换。新的文化潮流随时覆盖传统的文化潮流。

而当前的网络文化,又是被大量的中等收入青年所主导。我们也能从王菊现象中看出这一点。王菊具备新的“代表性”,超越了原有大众文化造星的特定限制。

王菊让我们看到了大众文化的多样性和某种内在潜能,它所代表的,总体上是一股充满活力日益强大的力量,这股力量将创造出更多的文化冲击。对此,我们应该以开放包容的态度,理解它,迎接它,适应它。(作者是北京大学中文系教授)


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