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10+1成果卓著,美日澳亦难搅局

2017-08-08 13:37:06   环球时报

中国与东盟外长会6日顺利通过《南海行为准则》框架文件,这被广泛认为东盟和中国更加靠近了。中国外长王毅用三个“最”对会议加以概括。东盟外长会公报的主基调积极,大篇幅强调中国东盟合作,主张到2020年顺利实现双边贸易和投资规模分别达到1万亿美元和1500亿美元的目标。尽管公报以“关切”的字眼提及填海造地,也泛泛提及保持“非军事化”和“克制”的重要性,但语气温和。

然而美日澳三国外长7日会晤并发表一项联合声明,高调要求南海声索国“避免从事填海、建设前哨基地、将争议海上地物予以军事化”等等,联合声明还要求中国和菲律宾遵守2016年的所谓国际仲裁,强调该仲裁“对双方有法律约束力”。

这是一个典型的域外国家来南海搅局的联合声明,该声明与“10+1”的会谈氛围大相径庭,是向东盟外长会加强与中国合作愿望泼出的冷水。它与签署《南海行为准则》框架文件所展现的区域大方向更是南辕北辙。

我们就是觉得,美日澳这三个国家有一点坏。它们不愿意看到南海声索国表现出管理彼此分歧的能力,中国和菲律宾都不再提围绕所谓仲裁的争议,中越也能够借助两党关系控制双方的海上摩擦,这让它们像丢了魂似的。它们的联合声明几乎就是在冲这个地区的国家喊:你们为什么不使劲互相掐?你们不掐了,我们的利益去哪里找?

前几年奥巴马的“亚太再平衡”战略刺激了南海地区,让区域内少数国家产生了可以借助外力套利的幻想。然而事实教育了各方,参与闹的国家恶化了同中国的关系,却几乎没从华盛顿那里换来任何看得见、摸得着的好处。个别小国本想打打美国牌,结果都被华盛顿当牌打了。

日本等向菲越提供巡逻艇,帮助强化它们的“防卫力量”。实际上东京是想鼓动它们怼中国。两国当然清楚,管控同中国的摩擦比多有几艘巡逻艇更管用,如果日本想跟中国对着干,还是应当让东京自己来。

在美国新政府的眼里,全世界所有地方都是实现美国利益的“牌”,东南亚离王牌的距离远着呢,也就是黑桃5、草花8的位置。东盟国家越来越清楚,华盛顿想把小国组成同花顺甩出去,它们只是帮助实现美国战略的原材料。

南海没有中国与其他声索国发生战争的可能性,因为中国无意通过军事手段解决海上纠纷,其他声索国更不可能采取这种手段,所以《南海行为准则》在往前推进。它离最终签署大概还有挺长的路,但这种推进对域内国家形成信心提振,激励了各方抛弃、克制对抗的念头,让和平解决争端的原则一步一步在区域内占据上风。

现在南海上就剩下美国军舰百无聊赖地闲逛了,日澳舰船偶尔凑过来陪陪盟主,壮壮阵势。一方面它们几乎找不到什么茬了,一方面中国海空军力量眼看着不断壮大,也不好惹。所以它们只能在南海上自娱自乐,隔段时间发个“维护了航行自由”的声明,算是对它们自己有个交代。

美国军舰每次来南海,都应当装一船舱美元和金条撒给这一地区国家,那样华盛顿就有号召力了。但美国海军全是空着手来,还老想吃当地的、喝当地的,甚至恨不能拉一船美国滞销的商品来东南亚卖,满脑子只赚不赔。华盛顿拿什么让东南亚死忠一样地跟着它跑,美国人也不为自己想来空手套白狼、试图搅局收保护费的样子感到寒碜。

南海不是域外国家的地缘政治聚宝盆,这里更可能是外来“偷鸡摸狗”者自取其辱的地方,历史慢慢会有答案的。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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