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内忧+外患 前程无忧净利润连续下滑

2017-09-27 07:22:53   

每经实习记者 刘春山 每经实习编辑 梁秋月

9月22日,前程无忧对外宣布其已与北京拉勾网签署了协议,将向后者投资1.2亿美元(7.9亿元人民币),获得拉勾网60%的股权,成为这家专注于互联网人才招聘公司的第一大股东。

作为诞生于1999年的中国互联网企业排头兵,前程无忧一直保持30%的净利润,实现15年的连续盈利。不过《每日经济新闻》记者发现,从2016年开始,前程无忧出现大幅度净利润下滑的迹象。

另一方面,前程无忧的老大位置越来越受到威胁,后起之秀智联招聘、58同城都在慢慢蚕食其市场份额,从而使其竞争力逐渐下滑。“内忧外患”之下,前程无忧自己的前途并不顺畅。业内人士认为,精细化招聘的发展趋势、流量获取成本的增加等因素,都迫使传统招聘网站需要做出更多改变。

内忧:净利润连续同比下滑

记者梳理发现,前程无忧一直处于盈利状态,每年高达30%的利润率在互联网中也很是少见。不过从2016年开始前程无忧的净利润同比却出现下滑。

从最新的2017年二季度财报可以看出,前程无忧主营业务主要包括网络招聘服务和其他人力资源相关服务,分别占到65%和35%。第二季度总营收为人民币6.732亿元,比去年同期的人民币5.598亿元增长20.3%,净利润为人民币7060万元,比去年同期的人民币1.687亿元下降58%。

再看前程无忧2016年全年的财务数据:运营利润为人民币6.118亿元,比2015财年增长7.8%。但前程无忧2016财年净利润为人民币5.660亿元,低于2015财年的净利润人民币6.181亿元。在毛利率方面也略有下降,为71.6%,低于2015财年的72.3%。

速途研究院分析师范鸿燕对《每日经济新闻》记者表示,前程无忧、智联招聘近来净利润的下滑和流量获取成本的增加不无关系。根据财报,今年二季度员工薪酬支出增加、销售人员增加以及广告支出的增长导致了整体经营成本的增加。

易观资深分析师陈涛表示,虽然前程无忧、智联招聘的净利润有所下降,但从财报上看,其利润的下降并不是由于其主营业务收入下降引起的。反而,其主营业务保持了较稳定的增长,有非常健康的现金流指标数据。

外患:领先优势被不断蚕食

在净利润接连下滑的情况下,虽然仍占据着行业第一的位置,但前程无忧的市场份额也在不断被竞争对手争夺。

易观千帆2015年统计报告显示,前程无忧占据市场32.5%的份额,智联招聘占据28%的份额,58同城与其他招聘平台则共同瓜分剩下的39.5%。不过到了2016年第三季度,前程无忧的市场份额降至29.3%,58同城上升至25.1%,智联招聘依旧为28%。

据易观千帆透露,目前国内活跃的移动招聘求职App超过60款。今年8月,前程无忧移动端App活跃用户为659万人,第二名智联招聘为615万人,活跃用户数量已经非常接近。

2015年4月,58同城入股赶集网,使58同城在蓝领招聘市场占据统治地位,三个月之后58同城宣布收购中华英才网。58同城CEO姚劲波在今年二季度财报中表示,招聘版块保持快速健康增长,在总营收中的占比持续扩大。58同城在线招聘的发力,无疑会对前程无忧造成威胁。

陈涛表示,在去产能、调结构的经济运行大背景下,整个招聘市场在服务主体对象上正发生着悄然改变。如果招聘网站对于市场结构的转换没有清醒的认识,就容易错失扩大自身规模的机会,甚至有被挤占竞争空间的可能性。

范鸿燕在接受《每日经济新闻》记者采访时表示,在线招聘行业同质化严重,在一定程度上削弱了传统招聘网站的竞争力。蓝领、互联网行业等垂直招聘也在侵蚀传统招聘网站的市场份额。商业模式同质化也必然引发不良市场竞争,成本增加、用户信息外漏、虚假信息盛行等问题都会牵制行业的发展。

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