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豆油 短期面临回调

2017-09-25 09:46:53   中国经济网

利空因素渐增

秋冬季节是油脂消费的传统旺季,亦是油脂库存去化最迅速的时期,但年内南北美三大大豆主产国皆获丰收,市场担忧将压制粕类油脂价格。笔者认为,短期内双节备货已近尾声,近两周豆油库存下降态势或难以持续,油粕比已出现显著调整,预计后市豆油期价将承压回调。

去库存任务仍重

美国农业部9月供需报告中,将美国大豆单产预估上调至每英亩49.9蒲式耳,高于8月的49.4蒲式耳。事实上,8月种植关键期间风调雨顺,已预示USDA可能对产量作出乐观调整。美豆出口量上调2500万蒲,达到22.5亿蒲。再看南美两个大豆主产国,2016/2017年度巴西大豆产量为1.14亿吨,去年产量不足亿吨,阿根廷2016/2017年度大豆最终产量为5750万吨,比2015/2016年度提高2.7%。可见,今年全球大豆产量前三的国家均丰产,原料供应偏向宽松。

国内11月、12月是进口大豆到港的传统高峰期,四季度也是用油旺季,相对稳定的压榨利润也令油厂维持高压榨率。在原料供应充足的情况下,粕类油脂供应将偏充足,库存去化将考验下游的消费能力,而豆油消费季未完全展开,经历三个月的反弹后,期价短期存在明显的下行压力。

油厂压榨量回升

前期部分油厂因环保检查而停机,导致豆粕油脂库存量均有所下滑,市场经销商提货不畅,导致两广地区豆油流入山东、河南市场,所以该地区油厂采取“挺油卖粕”的策略,这就引起了期货盘面前期倾向于粕弱油强的格局。

监测数据显示,上周国内主要油厂压榨大豆195.5万吨,比前一周增加13.6万吨,增幅为7.4%。可见,油厂已逐步恢复正常生产,国内压榨较前几月大幅改善,油厂未来将加大马力生产,而下游市场散油及包装油库存相对充足,这也令中间经销商采购需求放缓,油脂销路不畅,将导致库存重新回升,令期价承压。

消费力度受到考验

MPOB最新数据显示,马来西亚8月毛棕油产量为181万吨,环比下降0.9%,出口量为149万吨,环比增加6.4%,库存量进一步上升至194万吨。产量基本符合预期,而出口增幅略超出预期,导致马来西亚棕榈油库存增长幅度不及预期,该报告确认了马来西亚棕榈油库存拐点已出现。

综合基本面来看,美豆产量在8月平稳度过后基本可以确认,市场对产量利空反应也较为平静,年内在南北美均增产的预期下,美豆与国内豆粕反弹空间将十分有限,未来重点关注美豆收割至供应等环节,还有南美的春播情况预估,2017/2018年度巴西大豆播种面积可能比上年的3390万公顷增加2.5%。

而回归国内市场,短期来看,大中专院校开学季到来,双节假日期间预计消费量增加,将提振油脂类价格。但10—11月大豆到港或高达1600万吨,且压榨利润尚可,油厂开机率高企,加上节前备货将在下旬基本结束和美豆集中上市期日益临近,潜在利空不可小觑。

盘面上,8月期间豆油上涨的主要原因是环保检查、各工厂停机检修,以及生物柴油利多消息炒作。由于价格连续上涨,利多因素已消化殆尽。随着双节备货的结束,豆油库存止降回升,加上环保检查即将告一段落,后期大豆压榨量将会逐步提升,豆油供应有增无减,短期期价将承压调整。

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