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货基受流动性新规影响明显 年内收益率不会下降太多

2017-09-25 06:57:53   中国经济网

颜昕自2015年起管理鑫元基金的货币基金以来,一直保持相对稳定的较高收益水平。她认为,流动性新规的出台对货币基金收益率会产生一定影响。但由于今年流动性总体偏紧,四季度货币基金收益率水平不会下降太多。

流动性新规影响较大

颜昕认为,此次流动性新规的目的主要是使得货币基金回归本源,贯彻以流动性管理为首的原则,新发货币基金规模将受到较大限制。

新规施行之后,外界普遍担忧货币基金的收益率下降。针对这个问题,颜昕表示,新规对于货币基金收益率的影响主要在于,提升了对高评级和高流动性资产的配置要求,从而影响货币基金整体收益率水平。

“新规对基金资产流动性要求高。由于新规提出了日流动性资产、周流动性资产、流动性受限资产的分类,并且提高了周流动性资产的配置比例。因此,对于货币基金来说,必须以更大的比例配置于现金与短期流动性资产。只有配置了足够多的流动性资产,才能配置一些更长期品种。”颜昕表示,周流动性资产的收益率水平是较为有限的,银行间7天逆回购的收益率在非紧张时期一般在3.5%左右,宽松情况下有可能还要低些,以后大量的货币基金集中融出七天回购利率,市场有可能对该品种供过于求。

不仅如此,新规对资金融出的对手方要求有所提高。“一旦被认定为私募交易对手,就会对交易对手的质押品提出较高要求,而所谓私募交易对手,包括私募、券商资管乃至公募的专户等。所以这方面的影响是比较大的。”

此外,新规对投资品种的评级和投资品种的分散化也有很高要求。颜昕分析,存单本来是货币基金的主要投资方向,新规对存单的投资评级要求高,不鼓励投资主体信用评级AA+以下评级的商业银行银行存款和发行的存单。如要投资,需经管理人董事会审议批准、基金托管人同意,并作为重大事项履行信息披露等一系列流程,流程比较复杂。

而对于存款方面,现在新规明确规定,协议约定有条件提前支取的银行存款属于流动性受限资产,该类资产合计不得超过货币基金资产净值的10%。而这10%的额度中还包括14天以上的逆回购、资产支持证券等。

如此一来,很多基金与银行此前签署的有条件支取银行存款都属于流动性受限资产,这对于过去大比例投资于银行存款的大型货币基金来说,后续不得不考虑替代的投资标的。

货币基金收益率未必很低

对于货币基金收益率水平未来的变化,颜昕认为,新规对货币基金收益率会造成一定的影响。假设货币基金收益率下降0.2%,对于个人投资者来说,投资100元货币基金,持有一年,与之前相比,每一百元收益也只减少0.2元钱,“其实,这对于个人投资者没有太大的影响,而对于机构投资者来说则需要权衡了,毕竟货币基金灵活性高、费率低、免税、风险资本占用也低。”她表示,总体来说,货币基金是个相对策略,主要还是得看其他类资产的表现情况。

鑫元基金旗下货币基金在新规出台前,就已经降低了投资久期,除了存单以外,将分散投资标的至高评级短融、利率债等更为多元的品种,未来,货币基金或将是存量产品之间的竞争,坚持规范运作,将流动性管理置于首位的货币基金会更具生命力。

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