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豆粕价格易涨难跌

2017-09-22 10:02:05   中国经济网

随着美豆相关利空因素被市场陆续消化,南美大豆的播种逐渐成为市场焦点。目前,巴西大部分地区已经结束了大豆禁种期,但降雨不足的问题或将导致农民播种延迟。美豆出口保持强势,美豆价格近期走强为国内豆粕带来一定提振。此外,随着中秋、国庆双节的临近,下游养殖行业消费的积极性有增无减。受这些内外因素的影响,低位徘徊已久的豆粕价格有望反弹。

拉尼娜出现概率提高 巴西大豆或受影响

美国气候预测中心于9月14号表示,今年11月至明年1月期间出现拉尼娜的概率大幅提高至62%,8月预测的概率仅为26%。对于即将开始全面播种的巴西大豆来说,这并不是一个好消息。通常拉尼娜这一天气现象会导致巴西大豆产区缺乏降雨,气候干燥,对处于关键生长期的大豆十分不利。由于缺少必要的降雨,巴西大豆目前已经存在延迟播种的预期。如果拉尼娜如期在年底出现,对于巴西大豆的产量来说无疑是雪上加霜。由于地理位置的原因,巴西南部地区受到拉尼娜的影响将大于中部地区。巴西南部当前的干热天气持续已久,短期之内并没有改善的迹象。

另一方面,阿根廷大豆产区因为天气过于潮湿也存在着播种延迟的预期。阿根廷中部地区在过去18个月中一直持续受到局部洪涝灾害的影响,其中布宜诺斯艾利斯省受过量降雨的影响尤为严重。农业机构Carbap预计该省28%的农业用地,都处于土壤水分过多的状态,这其中覆盖了阿根廷全国33%的大豆和25%的玉米(1715, 13.00, 0.76%)种植面积。

美豆需求稳定强势 国内豆粕备受提振

截至9月17日当周,美豆出口检验量为92.8万吨。虽然出口较前一周的111万吨有所减少,但是自9月11日以来,每个工作日均有私人出口商向中国或者未知目的地销售大豆的报告公布。此外,美国国内因对阿根廷和印尼生物柴油征收反补贴关税的措施,压榨量也有明显的增加。9月15日公布的NOPA月度压榨报告显示,会员单位8月大豆压榨量为1.424亿蒲式耳,创下历史同期最高纪录,超过市场此前预计的1.375亿蒲式耳。无论是稳定而强势的美豆出口需求,还是美国国内不断改善的压榨需求,均对美豆价格提供了显著支撑。因此,作为终端商品的国内豆粕价格也有一定程度改善。

随着环保检查告一段落,山东地区油厂已陆续恢复开机。油厂的压榨利润良好以及国庆前下游的积极备货促使开机率维持在高位,豆粕库存压力较前期明显缓解。截至9月17日当周,油厂开机率增至58.72%,豆粕日均成交量由一周前11.5万吨增至16.2万吨。油厂豆粕库存虽然上周略有回升,从82.49万吨增至83.77万吨,但是在此前处于连续6周下降的状态。预计豆粕现货基差有望保持稳定,豆粕期价将会在美豆价格提振和现货需求改善的预期下有所反弹。

豆粕期权可采用卖出宽跨策略

豆粕期权9月20日成交量维持稳定,单边总成交量1.57万手,持仓量12.62万手。1月合约成交量占所有合约成交量的86%,持仓量占所有合约持仓量的70%。由于交易所将豆粕期权的单边持仓头寸限额由300手放宽至2000手,市场成交活跃度显著提升。豆粕看跌期权成交量与看涨期权成交量的比值移动至0.51,看跌期权持仓量与看涨期权持仓量的比值则维持在0.63,情绪继续维持中性偏乐观,预计国庆前都将维持窄幅振荡的行情。

USDA月度供需报告公布后,隐含波动率持续下行。1月豆粕期权平值合约行权价移动至2750点的位置,隐含波动率继续下行至17.27%,隐含波动率与60日历史波动率的差值扩大至-1.49%。9月USDA月度供需报告公布后,隐含波动率与历史波动率背离的局面或将结束,盘面价格预计将维持小幅波动,建议继续持有卖出宽跨期权头寸(卖出M1801—C—2800和M1801—P—2600)。

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