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首套房贷利率上调 严查“消费贷”入市

2017-09-21 20:17:05   中国经济网

经济日报-中国经济网北京9月21日讯(记者 郭子源)热点城市房地产调控的效果正在逐步显现。一方面,北京、上海、深圳等多个城市的商业银行近日相继提高首套房贷款利率,上浮5%—10%成主流;另一方面,多地监管部门针对“消费贷”变相进入楼市的违规行为开展严查。

值得注意的是,住建部9月21日正式发布《关于支持北京市、上海市开展共有产权住房试点的意见》,支持两地深化发展共有产权住房试点,坚持“房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的”的定位,加快推进住房保障和供应体系建设。

多位业内人士表示,在上述一系列“组合拳”的影响下,热点城市的房地产走势将继续趋于理性,投机购房行为将得到进一步遏制,此外,市场不必对上调首套房贷利率过度解读。

记者了解到,在北京地区,工、农、中、建四大行已集中在14日、15日调高了首套房房贷利率,均为基准利率上浮5%,并表示可根据借款人的资信状况差异化定价。

交通银行北京分行对首套房仍最低执行基准利率,但表示近期可能根据市场变化适时上调。此外,部分股份制银行也相应上浮了首套房利率。其中,中信银行、光大银行为基准利率上浮10%,兴业银行上浮不低于5%。

上浮的原因是什么?中国人民银行营业管理部表示,房贷利率调整是银行在北京市严格实施房地产市场调控、市场利率整体上扬的背景下,根据市场资金水平变化、自身资产负债管理需要所采取的自主行为,符合政策要求和导向,对此人民银行营业管理部积极支持。

“从资金价格看,首套房贷利率上调是一种‘水涨船高’的现象。”中国人民大学重阳金融研究院高级研究员董希淼说,在抑泡沫、去杠杆和防风险的政策基调下,去年年底以来,整个金融市场流动性相对趋紧,银行资金成本有所上升,贷款利率出于上升态势。

除了资金价格,资金量也呈现逐步收缩的态势。监管数据显示,上半年北京个人房贷新增额逐月下降,1月至6月新发放金额分别为295.52亿元、270.84亿元、239.21亿元、236.08亿元、218.15亿元和158.46亿元。

利率上调、新发放贷款减少,这是否会误伤“刚需”?多位业内人士表示,资金成本确实略有上升,但关键要看放贷量。监管数据显示,放贷总量虽减少,但针对无房群体发放的贷款却增加了,也就是说,贷款结构发生了显著变化。

以北京银行业为例,今年6月,无房群体发放贷款金额占比达83.11%,贷款户数占比达81.17%,两项占比均环比明显提高。

由此,投机性信贷需求进一步得到控制。此外,多家商业银行相关负责人均表示,今年下半年,该行将继续采取差别化政策,对住房需求特别是基本的刚性需求、改善居住条件的需求,积极给予信贷支持;对带有泡沫和投机性的房地产信贷需求,严格加以限制。

然而,部分地区的投机性信贷需求却“改头换面”,以个人经营性贷款、消费贷款的形式流入房地产市场,这一现象也引发了监管层的高度关注。

目前,北京、广州、深圳等热点城市的监管部门均下发文件,严查上述两类贷款违规入市。

具体来看,银行业金融机构应对单笔金额20万元以上的个人消费贷款、单笔金额100万元以上的个人经营性贷款开展自查,重点关注资金流向,严禁这些资金通过多次转账、拆借等形式,最终同于购买住房。

“目前北京地区的房地产交易量、成交价格已双双回落,市场趋于理性。接下来,监管部门将视银行业金融机构自查情况,有针对性地开展专项检查,对于检查发现的问题,依法依规,从严处理。”北京银监局相关负责人说。

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