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禁售燃油车将明显抑制汽油消费
2017-09-18 07:26:38 中国经济网
据报道,我国计划制定禁售传统燃油汽车时间表,这是继部分欧美发达国家率先提出禁售时间表之后我国官方首次发声,体现了我国作为负责任大国执行节能减排的决心。与此同时,这也体现了国家对新能源汽车仍持鼓励态度,新能源汽车产业未来前景广阔。
目前来看,公交领域新能源汽车推广较为顺利,而私家车领域发展仍显乏力。一方面,消费者心态短时间内难以改变,另一方面,汽车电池技术尚未实现更新突破,充电桩等配套设施仍十分欠缺。为此,国家已经布局电池技术研发以及相关配套设施建设,为后续推广扫除障碍。但是,对于传统汽油市场而言,禁售意味着汽车燃油这一重要消费领域将被封堵,因为90%以上的汽油由汽车消耗。
近年来,我国汽车销售量出现了飞速增长,受此带动,我国汽油消费量增速也常年保持两位数。但2016年开始,汽油消费量增速明显放缓,金联创数据显示,2016年汽油消费量为1.17亿吨,同比仅增1.55%,而2017年1-7月汽油消费量也同比增长1.27%,其中1-4月更是出现了负增长。尽管2016年我国汽车销售量同比仍增长13.76%,但新能源汽车的占比较往年明显增长,2017年1-7月我国汽车销量同比仅增4.1%,而新能源汽车销量增速仍保持20%以上。由此可见,新能源汽车占比的不断扩大,对传统汽油消费的抑制作用已经显现,并且随着后期推广力度的不断加大以及更多样化的出行方式的出现,汽油消费量增速或将继续放缓。由于我国柴油汽车发展受到政策限制规模较小,后期禁售对其造成的影响相对有限。
据金联创统计,“十三五”期间,我国将有超过2亿吨的原油产能陆续投放,且向着炼化一体化的格局不断演变。尽管后期落后产能不可避免地将被整合或淘汰,但相较于炼厂的释放仍然相形见绌,后期成品油供应压力无疑更为明显。当前,国内经济放缓以及新能源汽车的发展,已经对目前成品油供需形势构成明显的冲击,未来越来越多的资源投放市场后如何消化将成为不可避免的难题。
传统燃油汽车禁售是发展趋势,我国布局新能源汽车时间较早,在世界范围内也占有一定优势。我国已经明确,原则上不再新建传统燃油汽车生产企业,而为了适应后期发展,传统汽车生产企业也在积极拥抱新能源产业。鉴于我国汽车保有量庞大,且即便禁售之后,车辆淘汰也需较长时间,短时间内我国汽油消费的主体地位依然难以撼动,但由于没有新增需求力量的支撑,后期汽油消费逐步萎缩将成为事实。传统燃油车企正在谋求改变,传统燃油生产和销售企业也应未雨绸缪。
作者单位:金联创(原金银岛资讯)
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