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估值新政或致定增净值减少3% 财通基金率先公告适用

2017-09-07 07:46:45   中国经济网

证券时报记者 刘芬

见习记者 陆慧婧

定增股减持新规后首只定增基金到期开放的最后一周,基金行业颇为关注的流通受限股估值新规也适时发布。

昨日,中国基金业协会发布《证券投资基金投资流通受限股票估值指引(试行)》(以下简称《指引》)。《指引》给出了流通受限股票确定估值日价值的具体计算公式,并规定基金管理人和托管人必须在今年12月31日前完成相关实施工作。基金管理人应当根据法律法规及合同约定,与基金托管人协商一致后确定估值标准切换时点,并履行信息披露等义务。

值得注意的是,《指引》所称流通受限股票,是指在发行时明确一定限售期限的股票,包括但不限于非公开发行股票、首次公开发行股票时公司股东公开发售股份、通过大宗交易取得的带限售期的股票等,不包括停牌、新发行未上市、回购交易中的质押券等流通受限股票。

引入看跌期权对限售股估值

根据新的计算公式,估值日该流通受限股票的价值为估值日在证券交易所上市交易的同一股票的公允价值减去相应的流动性折扣。

流动性折扣计算上则引入了看跌期权,看跌期权的价值在估值日按平均价格亚式期权模型(AAP模型)确定。AAP模型公式综合考虑了剩余限售期、在剩余限售期内股价的预期年化波动率、预期年化股利收益率等因素。

文件出台后,有基金公司人士表示暂时对流动性折扣计算公式未完全理解。也有基金公司人士透露,流通受限股涉及的流动性折扣会由中证指数公司计算,此后将具体数值发给各基金公司,基金公司采用即可,不需要基金公司自己对流通受限股进行估值。

北京一中型基金公司的量化投资经理表示,以前持有限售的股票,有时直接用市场价格,实际是高估了。《指引》考虑了更多影响估值价格的因素,算法方面做了无风险套利组合,买入一张到期日的平价看跌期权,这个期权花费的价格是流动性受限对应的量化的成本,因而估值更加合理,防止赎回套利,从而保障持有人的利益。

估值切换或致定增基金净值波动

上海一家基金公司金融工程研究员则从金融工程的角度解释了看跌期权估值模型,“以前流通受限股的估值方法主要考虑解禁期长短,采用线性估值,估值随着解禁日临近逐渐接近个股市值,采用新的方法之后,估值和市价之间则是非线性关系。”

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