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人民币升值“诱惑” 境外机构加仓人民币债券

2017-09-06 07:51:58   新华网

近两个月,人民币汇率涨势如虹,境外机构增持人民币债券热情高涨,持仓规模创下历史新高。中央结算公司最新公布的8月数据显示,截至8月底,境外机构持有人民币债券8393.18亿元,环比增加153.32亿元,为连续6个月增持。其在境内债券托管量达8573.6亿元,环比增长158.92亿元,较去年末增长10%。

受人民币不断升值的“诱惑”,境外机构加仓人民币债券动力十足。伴随我国宏观经济回稳向好和美元指数的疲弱表现,人民币汇价近期出现了连续补涨,8月在岸人民币对美元上涨逾2%,创下2005年7月汇改以来最大单月涨幅,今年以来人民币升值逾5%。一位业内人士向上证报记者表示:“一年前境外投资人合作谈判时问的最多的就是人民币贬值和跨境资本流动管制,现在大家的顾虑大大降低,投资境内债券市场的积极性也提高了。”

记者梳理数据发现,人民币在5月下旬进入升值通道后,境外机构的债券托管量也开启快速增长模式,单月增速从5月份的0.3%,提升至6月份的3.75%和7月份的4.5%。

“我国债券收益率本身就比境外高一些,加上人民币升值,利润空间不小,这对海外资金形成吸引力。”穆迪大中华区信用研究分析主管、副董事总经理钟汶权告诉上证报记者。

当然,7月份开通的“债券通”功不可没。评级机构东方金诚评级副总监俞春江对上证报记者表示:“这为境外机构投资人民币债券提供了更加便捷的通道,是近两月境外机构增持人民币债券的重要推动力。”再加上中国债券市场可投资债券品种不断丰富,较高的收益率对境外投资者较具吸引力。

在严监管形势下,境内外债券利差不断扩大,2017年中国10年期国债到期收益率基本维持在3%以上,美国10年期国债到期收益率基本在1%-3%,日本目前维持在0%水平。

反映在持仓量上,国债依然是海外投资者最青睐的品种。数据显示,截至8月底,境外机构持有国债4977.57亿元,占总持有量的近六成,较上个月增持109.91亿元,年初至今增持17%。其次是政策性银行债,当前持有量达3097.61亿元。

“同时,境外投资者对同业存单也产生了兴趣。”钟汶权说,因为相对于境内公司,海外对一些境内大型银行的了解程度更高,而银行本身也具有特殊担保性质,因此海外投资者倾向于持有大额存单。

目前来看,人民币汇率走势依然是影响海外投资者持仓的重要因素之一。据俞春江判断,当前人民币贬值的预期基本出清,境内外利差仍将维持相对高位,因而人民币债券的高投资价值有望延续。数据显示,当前增持趋势将延续并有可能提速,预计有数千亿美元在未来几年涌入境内债券市场。

他表示,目前境外投资者持有人民币债券的比例还不到2%,仍有相当大的扩容空间。此外,中国债市引入国际信用评级机构、信息披露标准和国际投资要求的接轨、发行人和境外投资人之间的路演等国际化措施,亦有助于境外投资者提高对中国债市及信用风险的了解,从而有望在利率债之外扩大配置范围至信用债产品,尤其是优质的境内外发行人的高等级信用债。

目前,国内信用债占境外投资者持仓比例仅有3%。(记者 金嘉捷)

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