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让人民币再“飞一会儿”

2017-09-03 09:20:55   新华网

7月以来,人民币兑美元汇率堪称势如破竹,接连突破6.8、6.7、6.6三道整数关口。同时,CFETS人民币汇率指数也止住跌势,8月份上涨1.76%。本轮人民币升值主要受哪些因素驱动?会否发展成趋势性升值?对国内大类资产将带来什么影响?围绕这些话题,中国证券报记者特邀请招商证券宏观首席分析师谢亚轩、中信资本资产管理首席策略师赵巍华、申万宏源固收首席分析师孟祥娟和中信期货研究部金融期货研究主管张革进行分析。

内外合力助推人民币升值

中国证券报:7月中旬以来人民币对美元持续较快升值,主要受哪些因素驱动?

谢亚轩:7月中旬以来,人民币对美元持续较快升值,有人民币参考包括欧元在内一篮子货币对美元走强而升值的因素,也有逆周期因子的调节作用。但更重要一点,是外汇市场供求状况在近期出现进一步的改善。部分企业和个人在人民币持续升值的情况下主动结汇,导致外汇供应阶段性超过需求,推动汇率较快回升。

孟祥娟:近期人民币对美元汇率较快升值受多因素影响。其一,全球通胀分化令美联储加息预期弱化,美元指数大幅下行。其二,美国政府政策风险上升,经济增长和通胀前景不确定性增加。其二,中国的国际收支预期将持续改善,资金流出压力大幅缓解。预计全年外汇储备资产将逆转前两年大幅下降的态势而小幅增加。其三,“逆周期因子”运行三个月以来,市场接受度较高,中间价对收盘价的引导能力增强。

赵巍华:由内外多种因素共同驱动。第一,7月以来美元指数继续快速下跌,外部环境利于人民币对美元走强。自3月底美联储加息以来,美国通胀持续不振,特朗普政府的医改、税改等多项新政进程远低于预期,市场对美联储加息的预期持续下降、对强美元的乐观程度消退,拥挤的美元多头交易遭遇大幅减仓。与之相对,今年欧元区经济复苏进程加快,法国大选后欧元区的裂痕有所弥合,欧央行货币政策进一步宽松的基调出现松动,年初市场对欧元的悲观预期趋于修复,推动欧元兑美元汇率强力反弹。第二,加强外汇管理和金融严监管等政策降低了资本外流压力,缓解了人民币对美元的贬值压力。

张革:内外因素共同推动了近期人民币对美元出现较明显的升值。其中,美元走弱是人民币兑美元汇率打开升值空间的主要推动力。外汇市场供求格局的改善也是支撑本轮人民币对美元升值的重要因素。具体表现在购汇更趋理性,结汇意愿有所回暖。这一因素归结起来主要反映了在经济基本面表现稳健、中美利差提供了相对较厚的“安全垫”、监管层释放明显的引导汇率双向波动信号的大背景下,外汇市场预期重塑,此前市场对人民币的贬值预期已出现分化。

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