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轮胎涨价行情有望持续

2017-09-05 07:52:02   中国经济网

随着多家轮胎上市公司半年报交出“增收不增利”的答卷,多家企业也向经销商发出了9月份轮胎产品涨价的通知。自9月1日起,多家企业上调轮胎产品价格3%-5%。

中国证券报记者采访多家上市公司了解到,三季度以来,轮胎产业内外部环境发生了诸多变化,使得规模企业具备了消化成本压力的条件,全行业将一改上半年“涨不动”以及“价格无法涵盖成本增幅”的被动局面,有望在三、四季度迎来盈利能力的回升。

成本转嫁滞后

公告显示,上半年轮胎企业增收不增利的原因在于产品价格增幅不及成本涨幅。在上半年工业原材料成本增长的背景下,企业普遍缺乏市场议价能力,无法对产品价格相应提升。

记者采访了解到,上半年轮胎行业成本转嫁滞后有其深层原因:一是落后产能大量存在。以轮胎大省山东为例,仅山东东营一地轮胎产能就相当全国总产能的40%,全球总产能的18%,大量落后产能存在使市场缺乏提价能力;二是天然橡胶价格的波动导致产品价格不稳定。目前国内轮胎行业属于买方市场,下游车厂和经销商能够根据原材料,尤其是天然橡胶价格波动预判价格走势,进行库存储备或消化。如天胶价格上涨时,下游要求延后3周涨价,天胶价格下跌时下游先消化自身库存,这就拉长了生产企业高价库存的消化周期,造成了企业的被动。

“实际上天然橡胶在轮胎成本中占比较小,在半钢胎中不到20%,而炭黑、助剂和帘线等原材料的成本要占到30%。”赛轮金宇董事会秘书宋军表示,多种原材料都在涨价,产品不涨价企业很难消化高成本。

卓创资讯数据显示,8月份以来,轮胎主要原材料天胶、合成胶以及炭黑价格再次呈现不同幅度的增长,其中顺丁橡胶价格环比涨幅最高,涨幅7.78%,其次是丁苯橡胶和炭黑,涨幅分别是6.62%和6.05%,原材料价格的走高给轮胎企业的生产成本造成很大压力。

行业加速洗牌

“今年经销商一季度囤货多,到了3月末4月初天胶价格下跌时开始观望,因此对企业二季度的业绩影响较大。6月份经销商已经开始补库存了,7月份就又有涨价的了。”三角轮胎董事会秘书钟丹芳表示,随着合成橡胶、助剂、炭黑、帘线等其他原材料价格持续上涨,涨价趋势确立,轮胎企业通过轮胎涨价缓解成本压力顺理成章。

玲珑轮胎董事会秘书孙松涛也表示,有些原材料比如助剂不但价格高涨,供应也已经吃紧。随着原材料价格持续高涨,公司在9月份还将启动第三轮上涨,涨幅约在3%-5%。

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