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监管打补丁 银行同业业务再遭“堵截”

2017-09-04 08:31:08   中国经济网

东方IC 图

9月1日起,央行要求金融机构不得新发行期限超过1年(不含)的同业存单,此前已发行的1年期(不含)以上同业存单可继续存续至到期。

这一公告被业内人士普遍看作是8月中旬央行同业新规的“补丁”,意在堵住在监管约束影响下,1年以上存单的发行量明显上升的可能性。

对此,申万宏源宏观研究团队指出,虽然考虑到金融机构发行一年期以上同业存单的规模较小,影响相对有限,但更重要的是,这其实是近期监管措施的层次推进所释放的信号,预计未来监管将继续加强,同业存单的非理性扩张将成过去时。

监管日渐趋严,迫使各家银行对同业业务进行缩表,在这样的大背景下,银行该如何转型?

封堵监管漏洞

近日,央行发布公告称,决定将《同业存单管理暂行办法》第八条“固定利率存单期限原则上不超过1年,为1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月和1年,参考同期限上海银行间同业拆借利率定价。浮动利率存单以上海银行间同业拆借利率为浮动利率基准计息,期限原则上在1年以上,包括1年、2年和3年”的内容修改为“同业存单期限不超过1年,为1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月和1年,可按固定利率或浮动利率计息,并参考同期限上海银行间同业拆借利率定价”。

这意味着,自2017年9月1日起,金融机构不得新发行期限超过1年的同业存单。

对于央行作出这一调整的原因,分析人士认为,主要原因是监管要为8月中旬央行的同业新规打“补丁”,及时堵住金融机构能够套利的制度漏洞。

据了解,8月中旬,央行在二季度货币政策执行报告中提出要从2018年第一季度开始,将资产规模5000亿元以上的银行发行的1年期以内同业存单纳入MPA同业负债指标考核中。该公告明确了同存的监管要求,但在其监管内容中,仅将1年期以内同业存单纳入监管。

中信建投宏观债券研究团队指出,在当前“负债端”紧张的大背景下,银行存在较大的弥补负债缺口的需求,同业负债资金较易增长,并且在同业负债中,同存又由于其较高的标准化程度、较大的市场参与主体以及较好的流动性成为同业负债扩张的主力手段。因此在监管仅限制1年期以下同存的情况下,银行或有延长期限至1年以上增量发行同业存单的倾向。而银行扩大1年期以上同存的行为并不在监管容许范围内,该举措有违监管意图。

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