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中外船企频接新订单释放造船业复苏信号?

2017-09-01 10:31:17   新华网

新华社上海9月1日电(记者贾远琨)近期,中外造船企业陆续接到新订单,主要是超大型集装箱船、海工装备等高附加值产品。这是否预示着造船业正在复苏?自2008年金融危机爆发以来,全球造船市场持续低迷,能否借海洋高端装备研制的契机走出低谷?

今年以来,中国造船企业频接新订单,包括上海外高桥造船公司接到浮式生产储油卸油装置(FPSO)订单,沪东中华造船公司和上海外高桥造船公司接到达飞9艘超大型集装箱船的订单。

克拉克森数据显示,韩国造船企业今年的新增订单也十分可观。今年上半年,韩国船企共计接获了256万CGT(修正总吨)新船订单,较去年同期增加一倍以上,占全球市场份额达34%。

从全球造船市场整体情况看,造船企业的手持订单量和新船订单量仍不乐观。据克拉克森近期公布的数据显示,截至7月底,全球造船业手持订单量总计为7469万CGT(修正总吨),较上月有所回落,全球造船业手持订单量已连续5月徘徊在8000万CGT以下的水平。中国承接新船订单和手持订单两项重要指标继续大幅下跌。

中国国际海事会展中方组委会副主席付春红认为,目前,国际船舶、海洋工程装备及相关行业市场持续低迷,接单难,交船更难,大多数船厂都面临订单短缺、资金短缺的两难局面。

从航运市场来看,正因为这轮市场调整,新造船计划已更趋合理化,加上贸易需求有所增加,因而复苏迹象明显。BDI指数经过多轮小幅增长,已超过1200点,随着航运旺季的来临,预计今年下半年BDI指数还将继续增长。

“市场是无情的,市场也是理性的。考虑到航运业对造船业影响的滞后效应,以及全球经济依然面临诸多不确定因素,船舶市场预计在今年面临真正的低谷,经过这一轮漫长的市场洗礼,造船产能、产品结构将更加合理,技术储备更加充分,市场也将趋于理性。”付春红说。

在此背景下,全球船海工业正在通过技术革新,在转型中前行。

2017年以来,半潜船、化学品船、客滚轮、科考船等特种船舶,成品油船、支线集装箱船和大型集装箱船等主力船型,浮式生产储油卸油装置、液化天然气船等高端海工装备项目有所复苏,产生了不少新订单。同时,随着海洋渔业的发展和现代化改造,高端渔船和渔场也为造船业带来新的机遇。此外,来自亚洲旅游市场的飞速发展,豪华邮轮已成为船舶工业的新亮点。

2016年,中国邮轮乘客达到了200万人次,占到全球总量的9%。这将支撑价值上百亿美元的豪华游轮手持订单,欧洲传统豪华邮轮建造企业的有限产能已无法承接如此庞大的潜在订单,这为新建产能和中国自主发展邮轮制造业带来了机遇。

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