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时隔五月OMO再现月度净回笼 月末财政投放力挺资金面回暖

2017-09-01 08:16:42   中国经济网

在月末财政支出的力挺下,尽管央行暂停公开市场操作(OMO),8月31日市场资金面仍延续回暖势头。业内人士指出,跨过月末关口,资金面或能进一步改善,但央行继续实施净回笼的可能性不小,将制约资金面回暖幅度。

OMO暂停月底连续净回笼

8月31日早,央行公告称,当日不开展公开市场操作,理由是“月末时点财政支出力度进一步加大,对冲央行逆回购到期后银行体系流动性总量处于较高水平。”当日到期的400亿元逆回购实现自然净回笼,这是8月份央行第13次通过OMO实施净回笼。

8月下旬,在资金面并不宽松的情况下,央行连续实施流动性净回笼。8月21日至31日,除了29日净投放100亿元,余下公开市场操作日均为净回笼,整个8月下旬,央行累计净回笼5600亿元。相比之下,8月上旬为净回笼700亿元,中旬则为净投放2220亿元。全月下来,央行通过OMO净回笼资金4080亿元,是过去5个月首次出现月度净回笼。

如果说央行货币政策操作只是影响流动性的一项因素,净回笼不绝对代表货币政策有趋紧倾向,那从流动性状况和货币市场利率变化上看,8月流动性的紧张程度超出预期的,全月货币市场利率运行中枢水平出现了小幅上行。

8月下半月,货币市场流动性总体较为紧张,部分时段机构平盘不易,甚至出现“违约”传闻。据统计,8月银行间市场覆盖全部机构的7天期质押式回购利率(R007)算数均值为3.53%,较7月大幅上行21BP,且为2015年4月以来新高,即便是只包括存款类机构的DR007,均值也较上月反弹7BP。而2000年以来,8月货币市场利率通常都低于7月水平。这些说明,央行态度确实比前两个月要强硬。

“雨”过之后资金面仍将承压

好在月底有财政支出,在央行OMO停做的情况下带来“及时雨”。8月30日午后,资金面突然回暖,8月31日,央行净回笼也未改变资金面继续回暖的势头,原因很可能就是央行所说的“月末时点财政支出力度进一步加大”。

从历史上看,8月财政支出多大于收入,表现为财政存款会减少。过去两年,8月金融机构财政存款均减少1600亿元左右。鉴于财政放款集中在月末时点,有助于暂时改善金融机构备付水平。

今年财政收税与支出对资金面影响加大,根本原因还在于资金面供求呈现紧平衡,供给和需求的边际变化对资金面可能造成较大影响。目前金融机构超储率较低,而8月央行实施了大额净回笼,即便全月有财政资金投放、外汇占款也可能有小幅增长,超储率也不会出现明显回升,当前资金面依然较为脆弱。

跨月后,随着月末扰动消退,资金面或能延续回暖,但9月上半月公开市场到期量不小,央行继续实施净回笼操作的可能性较大,如此将限制资金面改善程度;进入月中,缴税等季节性扰动因素将再度增多,且季末监管考核期渐近,流动性恐将再度承压,届时,资金面能否顺利“通关”仍取决于央行货币政策操作。

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