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新竞争态势下现“焦虑症”地产央企第二梯队夹缝求生

2017-09-01 07:26:53   中国经济网

每经记者 李少婷 每经编辑 杨 军

在行业发展及产业政策调控之下,房地产市场由增量转为存量阶段,企业“野蛮生长”进入尾声。

央企地产板块在市场化竞争中已形成自然分野,既有可与行业龙头分庭抗礼的巨头,也有作为央企利润重要补充、规模较小的企业。在被核准可开展地产业务的20家央企中,年销售额为1000亿元以下的企业成为第二梯队成员。

第二梯队中有进击的选手激进扩张冲刺第一梯队;也有发展乏力者,在央企地产整合中稍有不慎就可能沦为“猎物”。《每日经济新闻》记者梳理发现,近年来,第二梯队为了在行业竞争中保有一席之地,有主动整合防微杜渐者;有被巨头“收编”者;亦有抓住最后机会寻求阶梯跨越者。

“总体上说,当前很多第二梯队的房企或患有焦虑症,因为总体上已经出现了被并购的态势。”易观研究院智库研究总监严跃进向《每日经济新闻》记者分析认为,央企房地产业务的第二梯队面临着夹缝求生的竞争形势。

20家央企仅3家销售上千亿

根据房地产信息综合服务商克而瑞的研究数据,在20家被核准从事地产业务的央企中,2016年度销售额在1000亿元以上的仅有3家,即以中海地产为主要经营单位的中国建筑工程总公司、以保利置业和保利地产为主要经营单位的中国保利集团公司、以华润置地为主要经营单位的华润集团有限公司,除此之外皆为第二梯队成员。

位列20家名单之内并不意味着可以高枕无忧。8月29日,保利地产(600048,SH)披露公司与中航工业地产业务整合最新进展。保利地产在公告中表示,截至目前,双方相关房地产业务整合工作已基本完成。至此,这一持续一年有余的央企地产业务整合大戏临近落幕。

也有不同的情况出现,比如被剥离大量地产业务后的中航地产(000043,SZ)2017年半年度业绩明显下滑——营收为23.8亿元,归属于上市公司股东的净利润由正转为负1.41亿元,同比下滑4279.52%。

“如果后续(地产调控)改革推进,此类第二梯队的地产业务会被第一梯队所兼并,这个是大趋势。中航地产的动作就体现了这一点。”严跃进向《每日经济新闻》记者分析认为,“总体上来说,当前很多第二梯队的房企或患有焦虑症,因为总体上已经出现了被并购的态势。”

“焦虑症”源于新的竞争态势,保利地产吞并中航地产资产包被视为一个新的市场信号。“此次中航工业作为21家(五矿中冶合并后为20家)名单内企业也面临整合,更表明行业做大做强的趋势明朗。”平安证券在2016年7月就曾分析道。

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