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镍铁增产 警惕沪镍回调

2017-08-25 09:17:02   中国经济网

6月开始,内外盘镍价均出现企稳反弹迹象:LME镍从6月初的8680美元/吨涨至8月末的11395美元/吨,涨幅超30%;沪镍走势同样强劲,在不锈钢需求回暖及菲律宾矿山开采可能受限等因素的提振下,突破92000元/吨的关口。

港口库存整体偏低

2017年年初,印尼解除矿石出口禁令,一定条件下允许出口未加工矿产品,这是2014年实施未加工矿产品出口禁令以来,首次放开出口限制。截至目前,印尼批准出口配额超过800万吨。而海关数据显示,上半年,我国从印尼进口镍矿仅86万吨,总量占比不足10%。后期,随着印尼矿山出货积极性的提升,国内进口量将有所回升。SMM预计,今年全年国内将进口印尼镍矿400万—500万湿吨。

7月,菲律宾总统及环境部长先后表示,出于环保考虑,未来将加大矿业税收力度及对采矿活动的调查,其甚至希望停止出口未加工矿产资源。此前,我国镍矿石进口的85%依赖于菲律宾,以至于此消息放出后,市场担忧情绪蔓延,进而助推镍价上涨。菲律宾减产以及雨季将至等因素将部分抵消印尼出口放松的利空效应。

进口端多空因素交织,国内库存却处于低位。截至8月中旬,国内港口镍矿库存为931万吨,属于近4年的低位。

镍铁产量增加的利空影响有限

2016年,镍价低迷,国内多数镍铁冶炼企业亏损关闭,镍铁进口依赖度提升。2017年上半年,受环保限产及成本高企限制,镍铁冶炼企业复产积极性依然不高。不过,6月开始,兰焦等冶炼辅料及下游不锈钢价格上涨,不少企业计划复产。据镍吧统计,目前,计划复产的低镍铁冶炼企业有5家,若全部投产,则低镍铁产能增加12万吨/月。此外,7月,国内140家镍铁企业中,高镍铁总产量为25.88万吨,环比增长8.74%。受益于镍价反弹,镍铁冶炼企业开工率提升,预计8月产量将继续增长。

不过,由于精炼镍进口窗口一直关闭,国内显性库存持续减少,镍铁产量增加带来的利空影响有限。

不锈钢市场表现亮眼

金属镍下游需求集中在不锈钢领域,占比超过80%。二季度开始,不锈钢价格大幅上涨,304冷轧7月至今上调近2000元/吨。此外,截至8月初,无锡、佛山两地不锈钢库存为27万吨,低于2016年同期水平。贸易商手中无货,现货价格自然水涨船高。

2017年不锈钢出口强劲,据海关统计数据,目前,我国不锈钢出口维持两位数的增速,原料金属镍的需求旺盛。可以说,2017年三季度镍价强势走高,主要原因是下游不锈钢市场购销良好。SMM调研镍下游行业8月新订单情况后认为,不锈钢行业8月新订单指数维持在85.54%的高位,部分地区电镀企业接单情况也会好于7月。

综上所述,下半年环保严查对矿山开采及成品冶炼等环节的影响很大,镍价底部支撑牢固。不过,随着产量的增加,操作时要警惕价格持续上涨后的回调风险。

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