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去产能动真格 电解铝价格下半年易涨难跌

2017-08-02 15:28:06   新华网

“去年钢铁、煤炭去产能那么难啃的硬骨头都啃下了,今年电解铝去产能怎么可能做不成呢?下半年,价格处于上行通道的电解铝易涨难跌,预计再涨1000元/吨左右没什么大问题。”国内某大型电解铝公司高管近日对记者如此表示。

  下半年涨价有支撑

从供给端看,今年力推的供给侧改革对电解铝产能去化明显。4月,国家发改委、工信部、国土资源部和环保部四部委联合发布《清理整顿电解铝行业违法违规项目专项行动工作方案的通知》,决定将用6个月时间,通过企业自查、地方核查、专项抽查、督促整改4个阶段,全面完成电解铝违规违法项目清理整顿工作。

该通知下发后,新疆昌吉回族自治州人民政府就公告,停止3个违规在建的200万吨电解铝项目。对此,一位业内人士分析,这次是动真格,对业内触动很大。

从需求端看,华创证券研报显示,我国电解铝需求每年增长7%左右。据亚洲金属网统计,截至7月,电解铝供给侧改革已影响395万吨产能。若供给侧改革去产能达到300万吨至500 万吨,再扣除部分僵尸产能和取暖季限产,则对应2017年3500万吨左右的需求,供给预期将趋于紧平衡,甚至可能出现供不应求的局面。

从成本看,约占电解铝成本80%的主要原料氧化铝、煤电也在涨价,成本上升推高电解铝价格。比如氧化铝,在电解铝主产地之一的新疆,已经由2016年的1700元/吨左右上涨至目前的2500元/吨左右。

国内一家大型电解铝公司高管表示,如果今冬采暖季能关停200万吨至300万吨产能,下半年就会供需失衡,预计下半年电解铝可以上涨到1.5万元/吨左右。目前该公司处于订单饱满、满产快销的良好状态,除了对信用评级较高的央企客户有账期外,其余都是现款现货。这并非个案,整个行业几乎都是这种情况。

  全产业链优势凸显

涨价不一定意味着电解铝企业将获暴利。在氧化铝、煤炭、电价一涨再涨的情形下,产品结构单一,仅依靠采购氧化铝生产电解铝的公司因成本高企,行业效益虽然好转但尚处微利状态。部分电解铝公司预计上半年净利润同比小幅下降。

但是,拥有上游铝土矿、煤矿等资源的公司则拥有成本优势,利润空间较大。拥有自备电的公司每吨电解铝成本可节省1000多元。

同时,从电解铝延伸到高附加值的电子铝箔、电极箔的公司回旋余地大。电子铝箔、电极箔价格较之电解铝而言相对稳定,利润有保障。

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