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动力煤 上涨行情渐近尾声

2017-07-28 13:59:12   中国经济网

需求降供给增

近期,动力煤期货市场走势与东南沿海地区的日耗水平背道而驰。我国江南大部分地区的高温天气仍在肆虐,但动力煤期货市场却提前“降温”,近月主力1709合约价格回落至600元/吨以下。看似矛盾的走势,反映出动力煤市场心态的转变,随着各方对供需预期的不断调整,动力煤上涨行情渐近尾声。

江南高温天气强度将减弱

本周,江南、华南、西北等地依然延续着最高气温35℃以上的极端高温天气。数据显示,沿海地区主要火电企业的日均耗煤量不断增加,7月27日达到82.44万吨/天,为2013年夏季以来的最高水平。7月24日全国日发电量达到210.99亿千瓦时,创今年第六次新高,近期全国日发电量超过200亿千瓦时的天数达到11天。7月下旬以来,华东电网用电负荷连续攀升,24日达到27460万千瓦,高出去年最大值2064万千瓦;华中电网用电负荷24日达到13517万千瓦,高出去年最大值1281万千瓦。

尽管沿海地区主要火电企业的平均电煤库存可用天数降至15天,但是港口动力煤实际成交却表现平淡。究其原因,一方面,台风“纳沙”将缓解南方高温天气,预计7月31日之后我国高温天气范围减小、强度减弱,发电企业日耗水平将逐步回落。另一方面,当前动力煤长协价相比市场价具有明显优势,终端发电企业对高价市场煤的采购热情不高。

限制煤炭供应的因素将减少

近日,国家安全监管总局、国家煤矿安监局联合印发《煤矿安全生产大检查实施方案》,检查时间为2017年7月至10月,检查范围是全国所有煤矿以及上一级公司。煤矿安全检查工作从去年以来一直力度不减,笔者认为,正是由于较长时间的贯彻执行,核心产区的煤矿企业已经将安全自检制度化常态化,安全检查工作给原煤供应或投资者心理带来的边际影响将愈来愈弱。

近日,陕西暴雨导致神木所有煤矿在7月25—27日期间停产3天,但仅局限于短期影响,7月30日以后西北地区降雨强度将明显减弱,煤炭生产及运输工作都有望恢复。内蒙古地区70周年大庆活动将于8月8日举行,预计8月中旬以后蒙煤供应将加速增长。目前来看,从8月开始,限制煤炭供应的因素只减不增。

从秦皇岛港的煤炭库存数据来看,虽然7月全国电煤消耗处于绝对高峰期,但是港口煤炭库存一直稳定在500万吨以上的水平,体现了相关部门对“保供”的重视,也反映出动力煤供应没有想象中紧张。

期货价格比现货价格更早调整

基于8月以后动力煤市场供需基本面将逐渐宽松化的预期,动力煤期货市场比现货更早出现调整走势。截至7月27日收盘,动力煤期货主力1709合约报收于598.2元/吨,当周累计下跌10.6元/吨;秦皇岛港5500大卡动力煤现货价格约636元/吨,当周累计上涨1元/吨;两者之间的期现价差由上周五的-26.2扩大至-37.8元/吨。

另外一项领先指标也暗示动力煤现货价格上涨行情或接近尾声。7月25日,海运煤炭运价指数OCFI报收1055.32点,周环比下行0.61%。分航线来看,华东线指数报收1080.92点,周环比下行0.62%;华南线指数报收969.63点,周环比下行0.59%。

综上所述,夏峰之后需求降供给增的预期,对动力煤期货盘面构成压力,动力煤市场整体上涨行情也将趋于结束。不过,上涨的结束不意味着大跌,国内宏观经济平稳复苏提振了用电需求,供给侧改革持续推进,动力煤市场下跌空间不大。

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