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银行资金利率倒挂?真相并不像你想的那样

2017-05-26 16:51:31   

其次,还要关注企业融资成本、PPI、特别是中小企业融资难、融资贵的问题。金融市场从业员都知道,中央之所以要发起监管风暴,就是我国金融市场长期存在的“二元经济”现实:“Shibor、LPR”只有4%到5%的水平,但是又有哪家民营企业可以享受到呢?全世界范围内没有一个国家,能依靠传统的商业银行体系解决中小企业融资难、融资贵的问题,中国也不例外。金融供给侧改革就是要充分利用中央和地方的多层次资本市场,通过扩宽中小企业融资渠道,培育多样化的金融中介机构,从根本上释放民营经济的活力,实现各具特色的省域经济和县域经济结构性产业升级转型。今天我们讨论货币市场利率和贷款利率倒挂,就是金融结构转型“推动”商业银行业务转型的特殊现象,是中国金融混业大潮来临的先兆,动的是传统商业银行模式的奶酪,跟中小企业融资水平没啥直接影响。

最后,还要关注一下货币市场利率波动对M2和GDP的影响,也就是经济硬着陆的风险。研究近期中央深化改革的多项举措会发现,在金融领域就是要改变传统发放货币资源的“大水漫灌”形式,疏通资本中介,将资金注入中小企业的实体经济“毛细血管”,培育金融机构服务最后一公里的“滴水慢灌”。唯一值得担心的是,中央加速推动多层次资本市场与货币政策相结合,是否会让习惯了“躺着挣钱”的商业银行消极怠工,让习惯了“无风险套利”的债券市场挟持GDP增速逼迫“央妈”扩大货币投放。

在我看来,商业银行局部困局并不能改变中央金融供给侧结构性改革的决心,对商业银行体系高杠杆资金风险的系统性排除,首先是肃清灰色的非法融资渠道,强调金融服务“脱虚入实”。随着人民币兑美元汇率的稳定,中国宏观经济新常态面临的经济下行压力逐渐缓解,一季度GDP增速超预期、M2增速也随着房地产调控趋势性回落,中央对金融服务实体经济的要求越发迫切,如何利用现代金融手段,服务国家经济战略、降低金融市场系统性风险,是监管风暴的最终目的。

总之,“依然在路上”的中国利率市场化改革“不忘初心”,旨在用现代金融手段创造政策环境,引导资金流向实体经济。监管风暴有利于金融固本清源,但也要把握节奏,培育直接融资的市场化机构做大做强。事实上,一年期“Shibor、LPR”倒挂的同时,一个月以内的货币市场利率早就“悄然”走低,央行已经在通过期限结构调整缓解系统性金融机构的资金压力,也就是给这些金融“大象”们留出了转身的时间窗口。(中新经纬APP)

【专家简介】许维鸿,中航证券首席经济学家,曾就职于英国路透集团、中央国债登记结算公司、法国外贸银行集团巴黎总部。长期从事宏观经济和金融市场研究,研究领域涉及国际宏观经济、国际化背景下的新兴市场发展模式等。

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