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楼市去杠杆上半场:房企杠杆率高位回落 个贷水平仍较高

2017-04-26 14:36:35   中国经济网

原标题:楼市去杠杆上半场:房企杠杆率高位回落 个贷水平仍较高

自去年9月份以来的楼市去杠杆,正显示积极的变化。

央行发布的今年第一季度金融机构贷款投向统计报告显示,房地产贷款增速回落。到一季度末,人民币房地产贷款余额增速比上年末低0.9 个百分点,并且个人住房贷款余额增速也比上年末低1.1 个百分点。

但是,中国指数研究院25日发布的一季度房地产报告分析,今年1-3月,个人住房贷款仍处于较高水平,住户中长期贷款同比增幅超三成。

“可见资金大量流向房地产的现象并未减弱,而贷款结构不合理引发的潜在金融风险仍显著。”中国房地产数据研究院执行院长陈晟对记者表示,楼市去杠杆正出现积极变化,但绝对不可过度乐观,仍要因城施策,从严调控。

房企杠杆率高位回落

调控之下,楼市去杠杆出现了一丝喜意。

央行数据显示,一季度末,人民币房地产贷款余额28.39 万亿元,同比增长26.1%,增速比上年末低0.9 个百分点;一季度增加1.7万亿元,同比多增1970 亿元,占同期各项贷款增量的40.4%,比上年占比低4.5 个百分点。

一季度末,地产开发贷款余额1.41万亿元,同比下降21.5%,降幅比上年末扩大16.6 个百分点。个人住房贷款余额19.05 万亿元,同比增长35.7%,增速比上年末低1.1 个百分点。

安信证券诸海滨认为,一季度经济的良好开局,为脱虚向实、振兴实体经济和去杠杆创造了条件。

实际上,从房地产企业层面来看,其去杠杆的风险并不大。

中投证券分析师李少明等分析了A股65家房企2016年年报,发现这些上市房企负债结构持续优化:有息负债总量持平,长期借款占比提高,负债结构更加合理。

据统计,截至2016年末,房企有息负债(含短期借款、一年内到期的非流动负债、长期借款)总量约为5595亿元,同比增加3.1%,负债总额基本持平。

上市房企负债结构持续优化,短期借款与一年内到期的非流动负债显著降低,长期借款比重提升。2016年,短期借款与一年内到期的非流动负债分别为1368亿元、736亿元,较去年分别降低7.8%、10.6%,短期借款与一年内到期的非流动负债在有息负债中占比分别降低2、3个百分点至13%、24%。长期借款则同比增加11.9%至3491亿元,长期借款占比提升5个百分点至62%。

浙商证券分析师孙付也分析认为,楼市的繁荣带来房企收入和利润增速显著上升,2016年房地产行业主要财务指标好转,杠杆率从高位回落。

个人房贷仍处于较高水平

“去杠杆是个缓慢的过程,绝对不可过度乐观,而仍要因城施策,从严调控。”陈晟说。

中国指数研究院的最新数据显示,2016年房地产贷款占比明显提升,尤以个人住房贷款最为突出,2016年末个人住房贷款占总贷款的比重达到39%。

而今年1-3月,个人住房贷款仍处于较高水平。据统计,住户中长期贷款同比增幅超三成。可见资金大量流向房地产的现象并未减弱,而贷款结构不合理引发的潜在金融风险仍显著。

中国指数研究院的报告指出,从今年一季度贷款方面来看,新增人民币贷款量回落,但资金大量流向房地产的现象并未减弱,个人贷款占新增贷款比重过高,贷款结构存一定风险。

对此,陈晟认为,即随着热点城市的住房成交量大幅度回落,个人房贷利率从紧等趋势,“杠杆上的楼市”的去杠杆之路正缓步前行,但不可急于求成。THE_END

(责编:贾兴鹏、夏晓伦)

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