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世界自然保护联盟将雪豹保护级别由“濒危”调整为“易危”

2017-09-16 10:12:38   央广网

央广网北京9月16日消息(记者刘飞)据中国之声《新闻纵横》报道,近日,世界自然保护联盟在其官方网站发布的一篇文章中提到,基于新的可用数据,雪豹被从濒危(EN)类别,调整为易危(VU)类别。“濒危”或是“易危”这些类别,是物种在世界自然保护联盟的濒危物种红色名录中的分类。

世界自然保护联盟1948年成立,目前已有160多个国家和1000多个非政府组织加入。它从1963年以来,开始发布《世界自然保护联盟红皮书》,也就是后来俗称的“红色名录”。红色名录列出的物种濒危级别有9个,依次是“灭绝”、“野外灭绝”、“极危”、“濒危”、“易危”、“近危”、“无危”,以及“数据不足”和“未评估”。

从等级上来看,从濒危(EN)到易危(VU)通常被说成是“降级”了。

去年,大熊猫和藏羚羊都被从“濒危”类别调整了出去,分别变为了“易危”和“近危”。这在当时也引起了我国舆论的关注。

就大熊猫来讲,世界自然保护联盟红色名录显示,是由于中国持续不懈的努力,大熊猫数量在缓慢增加,因此对大熊猫的评级从“濒危”降为“易危”。

不过,当时,国家林业局曾回应称,作为大熊猫保护管理部门,着眼于实际工作情况和保护形势,认为大熊猫仍然是濒危物种。

而此次,雪豹在红色名录中的等级调整,也有研究者担心,会影响公众对雪豹现状的认识。

在有雪豹分布的我国,所谓的“降级”有何影响?我国雪豹研究和保护面临的最新情况如何?

雪豹在英文里有一个叫法是ounce,这个词还有“少量、一点儿”的意思……

世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)官方网站信息显示,从1986年到2008年间的7次评定中,雪豹的濒危等级都是“濒危”(Endangered)类别。而在当前版本的红色名录中,雪豹已经显示为易危(Vulnerable)。

对于调整的原因,世界自然保护联盟官方网站中披露,在2008年的评定中,误用了数据从而得出了一个较低的数字,将雪豹误定为“濒危”类别。此外,近期的调查资料表明,雪豹在一些区域的密度比之前认为得要高,其数量规模也就可能更大。综合这些原因,从“濒危”到“易危”的认定,算不上一个真正意义上的“变化”。

而目前红色名录中将雪豹认定为“易危”,是依据两组数据,一是估计其全球数量中,成熟个体不足1万只,但超过2500只,还有就是估算其数量在3代(22.62年)内减少至少10%。

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