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难治性甲状腺癌 有了靶向药

2017-09-08 04:36:43   中国青年网

陈月

甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌系统恶性肿瘤。中国抗癌协会甲状腺癌专业委员会主任委员高明教授指出,尽管甲状腺癌在经治疗后算是预后最好的癌症之一,但要警惕难治性分化型甲状腺癌。

高明教授介绍,甲状腺癌根据病理分型,乳头状、滤泡状和低分化型甲状腺癌被归类为“分化型甲状腺癌”,在所有甲状腺癌中占约94%。这其中,低分化癌发展迅速,患者5年内存活率极低。即便是人们常见的乳头状癌和滤泡性癌,也有少数病例会出现远处转移,如癌细胞转移至肝、肺、骨等部位。

对付甲状腺癌,外科手术治疗、放射性碘治疗和内分泌治疗是重要的治疗手段。“但由于难治性甲状腺癌容易出现广泛性转移和碘抵抗,仍有部分患者在治疗过程中出现问题。”中国医学科学院肿瘤医院头颈外科主任医师徐震纲表示,对于中国的碘难治性甲状腺癌患者,需要一种能控制或延缓该病进展的治疗方案,比如靶向药治疗。

国家食药监总局近期批准了我国首个用于放射性碘难治性分化型甲状腺癌的靶向药物索拉非尼,并已纳入最新版国家基本医保目录。针对放射性碘治疗无效的局部晚期或转移性甲状腺癌患者的治疗研究成果表明,索拉非尼可降低患者因疾病导致的死亡风险,对抑制肿瘤生长有主要疗效。

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