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【用科学击碎流言】打狂犬病疫苗没用?

2017-09-01 09:16:20   中国青年网

前不久,西安有位姓龙的女士被狗咬伤腿部后,虽然及时注射了狂犬病疫苗,但20多天后仍然病发死亡。这之后,“打狂犬病疫苗没用”的说法便开始在网络上流传,并引起人们的不小恐慌。

世界卫生组织公布的数据显示,在全球范围内,除南极洲以外,其他各洲都存在狂犬病,全球每年有超过5万人死于狂犬病。直到今天,狂犬病依然是全球唯一发病死亡率接近100%的疾病,也是目前治愈率最低的疾病之一。但实际情况是,以往的临床表明,通过注射疫苗,狂犬病得到了很好的控制。

医学专家介绍说,“人狂犬病免疫球蛋白”实际上是用狂犬病毒免疫动物后获得的一种抗毒血清,能对应地中和狂犬病毒,对于增强咬伤后机体免疫力,促进伤口恢复具有很好的作用,当咬伤达到一定程度时,则必须要注射,从而对病毒起到封闭作用,和疫苗应用一样,注射越早效果越好。

不可否认,注射狂犬疫苗后,确实存在依然有死亡发生的个别案例。比如伤口太深,导致处理不彻底;或者在注射疫苗前,狂犬病病毒已顺着神经开始蔓延,最后形成中枢神经系统的损害,导致患者呼吸衰竭;还有就是,注射了疫苗后,患者的体内没有产生抗体,狂犬病病毒已经开始沿着神经蔓延开来。医学专家提醒人们,尽管如此,也不能断言狂犬疫苗没用,被狗之类的宠物咬伤后,还得在第一时间去打狂犬病疫苗。(储棕荷)

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