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科学家发现史前海生爬行动物新物种 样子类似尼斯湖水怪
西媒称,一个国际科学家团队发现了一种已灭绝的海生爬行动物。这种爬行动物有长长的脖颈,体长可达8米,生活在距今约1.32亿年的时期。它的样子有点像著名的尼斯湖水怪。有关这一发现的研究报告刊登在《古脊椎生物学杂志》上。
据西班牙《公众报》网站8月29日报道,这种海中怪兽是蛇颈龙的一种,与薄片龙是亲戚。在恐龙统治地球的时代,它们是海洋中的主宰者。此次发现的海生爬行动物是蛇颈龙中最古老的种类之一。这些保存完好的骨架化石于1964年在德国北部汉诺威市附近萨尔施泰特的一个粘土采挖坑中被“化石猎人”(私人化石收集者)发现。
但直到半个多世纪之后的今天,科学家才被允许研究这些骨骼化石。此次,汉诺威的下萨克森州博物馆邀请一个国际科学家团队对这些化石进行研究,其中包括德国比勒费尔德自然历史博物馆的古生物学家斯文·萨克斯。萨克斯是此次研究报告的主要撰写者。萨克斯说:“这些化石是一直藏在下萨克森州博物馆的宝贝,更重要的是,这对古生物学研究来说是一种未知的新物种。”
这具爬行动物骨架化石包括头骨的大部分、脊椎、肋骨以及鳍状的四肢,其中头骨还带有一排长而锋利的牙齿。有意思的是,研究人员在骨骼化石中发现了慢性细菌感染的迹象。这意味着这头巨兽曾经患有某种慢性疾病,而这或许就是导致它死亡的原因。
参与撰写研究报告的古生物学家耶恩·霍尔农说:“它的下颌骨具有一些不同寻常的特征,形成了一个突出的冠状,下颌的牙齿向外侧倾斜,这能帮助它在咬合时更好地捕捉小型鱼类和鱿鱼等猎物。”(编译/田策)
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