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“真迹”这两个字,夸张了

2017-08-31 06:12:03   中国青年网

怪咖达利真迹展现场

有两撇翘胡子的萨尔瓦多·达利先生一辈子都没来过中国,不过,这位西班牙超现实主义艺术家这两年在中国的知名度却很高——从2014年开始,“达利展”在中国呈井喷之势,走过很多城市。而在2015年,上海还出现过“同一时间有两个‘达利展’撞车”的小概率情况。

这股“达利热”最近烧到了杭州。与刚刚在成都和西安办过的达利展不同,正在杭州某商场展出的“怪咖达利真迹展”主打“真迹”二字,尽管票价不便宜——单人120元,仍然吸引了许多艺术爱好者。

毕业于中国美术学院的版画艺术家李先生就是其中之一,前天,他从转塘赶去看展,看完却有些失望,“说是‘真迹’,夸张了。”

从达利亲手制作

到达利授权复制

“杭州·怪咖达利真迹展”的展品,均是版画。

策展方的官方宣传语写着:“超100件达利亲手制作的版画作品,穿越岁月风尘一一真实地展现在你眼前。”

不过,在此次“怪咖达利真迹展”现场,导览文字上的介绍,却从“亲手制作”改成了“监督”。比如,在《神曲》一章的展览区,导览是这样讲的,“在达利的监督下,他的水彩画被转化为木版画,得以复制传播。”

两者有区别吗?当然。

李先生说,版画起源于印刷,是运用刀、笔或其他工具在金属、石板、木版、纸板等不同版材上,通过绘制、雕刻、腐蚀等方法在版上制作出图像,然后再将图像转印到纸上的艺术创作。而一般来讲,原创版画,即艺术家自己构思、打版、制版、转印于画面之上,最终创作的版画上还会留有艺术家的亲笔签名、标注编码;复制版画,则是采用版画技术,由技师参照其他媒介的作品(如水彩、油画)而制作的版画,其印制是一个再现、复制过程,艺术家大多不亲自参与。

例如,吴冠中先生曾授权某一艺术机构复制了自己的艺术作品,并附有签名、编号。

“一般来说,只有原创版画才能称为真迹。复制版画虽然也不能称伪作,但在艺术价值、收藏价值上明显低于原创版画。”李先生说,而类似此次展览的《神曲》系列作品,其实就是复制版画。

“那个年代,欧洲有很多的版画工作室专门为这些艺术家服务。艺术家本人对版画技术并不精通,都要靠技师帮他们去完成制作复制。”李先生说,这类版画,虽然有达利本人亲笔签名,但准确地说,不能被称为真迹,更不能说“达利亲自制作”,顶多是:限量的印刷品,而且量还非常大。

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