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科学教育“归位”
2017-08-30 04:26:40 中国青年网
根据教育部最新修订的《义务教育小学科学课程标准》,从2017年9月开始,小学一年级将增设科学课,并将其作为基础性课程。2001年,我国将沿用了半个世纪的小学“自然”课更名为“科学”,起始年级也从一年级变为三年级。
此次科学课“重回”一年级,不再像以前的“配角”地位,而是与语文、数学一样,也成了基础性课程,这是科学课的“强势回归”。要知道,早在20世纪初,代表科学的“赛先生”,就与代表民主的“德先生”一起,成了新文化运动时期的两面旗帜。套用一句时常用的话:学习科学,要从娃娃抓起。孩子对世界充满好奇心,科学能为他们的好奇心提供答案,小学低年级段就开设科学课程,有助于培养孩子的科学兴趣,为初高年级科学课程的深入学习打好基础。
科学课程的好处很多,比如能让学生正确认识世界,而我们周围,很多对世界的认知都并不科学,这些错误或迷信的认知难免会影响到孩子,从小注重对孩子的科学教育,能从小培养孩子的科学态度、科学思维。
科学课程纳入小学一年级,最为重要的是如何激发孩子对科学的兴趣。有调查显示,中小学生对科学的兴趣随年级升高而降低。中小学生科学素养差、对科学的兴趣不足,与科学教育长期处于“配角”、师资匮乏、课程标准陈旧、教育方式缺乏与学生的互动等有很大关系。兴趣是最好的老师,要培养学生对科学的兴趣,要“扶正”科学教育的地位,也要加大对教研队伍的培养,如要让科学课的老师理解儿童,要注重培养孩子的探索性思维。在具体教学中,针对低年级学生,要降低难度,可以在课程中增加游戏等环节,要使用儿童的语言,注重趣味性,要能真正培养孩子对科学的兴趣,而不只是刺激起学生浅层的兴趣。
重视科学教育,让孩子们对科学感兴趣,既是在培养潜在的科研人才,也是在进行通识教育即在注重学生综合素质的培养。将科学启蒙课程改为基础性课程,并从小学一年级开始学起,将科学教育与语文教育、数学教育相提并论,同等对待,这就显得很有必要,这是科学教育的“归位”。
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