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地底“写”下一个π
2017-08-28 06:21:49 中国青年网
中国铁建二十二局集团一公司参与了长春地铁1号线、2号线的3个标段建设,其中2号线长1257米,部分隧道地质复杂,泥岩中夹杂砂岩,砂岩强度高达到80兆帕,技术含量高,施工难度大,盾构机始发方案成为制约工程进展的瓶颈。
“很多时候我们搞技术创新,都是逼出来的。”一公司项目经理韩震笑着对记者说。面对紧张工期,项目部决定将1号线已检修完成的两台盾构机投入到2号线,依据原设计方案,必须等首台盾构机接收以后,另一台盾构机才能始发。“怎样才能让两台盾构机错开始发并在保证安全距离的情况下同时展开施工?怎样实现盾构整体始发,最大限度地加快工程进展?”面对难题,韩震带领技术人员成立技术攻关小组进行研究论证。
技术小组成员、项目部测量队长高江涛创新性地提出,能否将与地铁垂直的横通道改为45度斜交?“该方案的好处是,盾构机在竖井内组装完成后,通过横通道平移至掌子面进行掘进。两台盾构机均能由此进入隧道整体始发,不再像原来那样分体始发,节约成本数百万元。但是,出土与进料在一个横通道的矛盾没有解决,效率低仍然是我们的心病。”韩震说。
经过反复研究,盾构机侧向π型即双竖井双横通道始发方案诞生了。为了准确地计算各种技术参数,技术攻关小组不仅进行计算机模拟,还按照1∶50的比例建立沙盘模型,反复试验,准确计算横通道与正线斜交角度、盾构机转体参数、曲线转弯半径等大量数据,并一遍遍优化施工方案。最终,经过14个月的艰苦努力,进行了20余次论证模拟试验后,他们创造的盾构机侧向π型始发设计方案取得成功,并得到建设、设计单位和有关专家一致认可。
长期从事地铁施工及研究的北京工业大学教授、博士生导师张明聚说,这项国内首创技术不仅解决了城市繁华街道下面无法设置盾构始发井的难题,也提升了盾构作业效率,对目前国内城市地铁建设具有重要意义。
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