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开拓金砖美好光明的未来

2017-08-28 05:11:44   中国青年网

【民相亲 心相通·金砖国家合作新图景】

金砖国家的合作已经走过了辉煌的十年,即将于金秋九月在厦门举行的金砖国家领导人第九次会晤是下一个十年的起点。“世界经济正在发生好的变化,其中金砖五国的经济发展更是超出国际机构的预期。我们有理由期待,以厦门会晤为起点,金砖国家未来的合作将成为南南合作的典范。”中国现代国际关系研究院世界经济研究所原所长陈凤英在接受本报记者采访时说。

陈凤英认为,过去十年,金砖国家达成了很多协议,在经济、贸易、投资、技术等方面都取得了长足的进步,彼此之间的合作正由虚向实,其中金砖国家新开发银行的成立是标志性事件。这是第一家发展中国家为主的银行,具有首创意义。今后金砖国家新开发银行要对新兴市场开放,成为以发展中国家为主体的发展银行,这是全球经济治理中的一个创举。

“此次厦门会晤邀请了相关的发展中国家和新兴市场国家参加,相信从厦门会晤后,金砖对新兴市场开放将实现机制化,即‘金砖+’机制。”陈凤英说。她表示,“金砖+”机制搭建了更广阔的合作平台,“金砖+”增加的是金砖的代表性、力量和影响,在国际经济金融等领域,它代表的是更为全面的发展中国家和新兴市场之间的合作。

陈凤英认为,在全球治理中,今后“金砖+”机制一个重要的合作目标是要在南北对话中发出代表“南方”的一致声音。“G20中有11个新兴市场国家,金砖五国都在其中。在G20会议当中,无论是财长、央行行长会议,还是其他会议,都有一个南北对话机制。同样,在联合国中,五国也在重要的发展议题上共同发声。在全球治理尤其是在世界经济发展中,金砖国家承担了自己应该承担的义务,起到了中流砥柱的作用。”

陈凤英说,今年的金砖经贸部长会议达成了八个方面的成果,这就是发出了一致声音,其中最突出的成果是支持多边机制,反对贸易保护主义。这也是金砖国家合作的一个重要课题。“世界经济总体向好,但逆全球化的趋势在显现,尤其是贸易保护主义抬头,令世界对经济全球化的发展感到担忧。当前世界站在十字路口,金砖合作起着推动经济全球化深入发展的示范性推动作用。”陈凤英说。

“据国际机构的统计,金融危机以来,金砖国家对世界经济增长的贡献达到了50%。”陈凤英认为,未来要想践行金砖精神,继续提升金砖影响力,要从两方面着力,一是不能只看到差异,而应当把差异当作十年合作的基础、起步、愿望和推动力量。二是以更开放的心态获得更大的话语权。“金砖+”将容纳越来越多的发展中国家和新兴市场加入进来,新开发银行也将与不同的发展银行进行合作,这是因为只有不断地引进活水才能使得我们的合作形成良性互动,才能具有可持续性。

谈及“一带一路”建设与厦门会晤的关系,陈凤英表示,“一带一路”对全球都是一个发展机会,对金砖国家同样也是难得的机遇。金砖经贸部长会议达成的协议中,有很多与“一带一路”有密切联系。金砖国家新开发银行的成员大部分也都是“一带一路”的成员,未来与亚投行等都有互通合作的机会。“一带一路”与金砖是两个不同的平台,应当倡导在共商、共建、共享的基础上建立金砖国家与“一带一路”的良性合作。

深化金砖伙伴关系是开启金砖未来的题中应有之义,本次厦门会晤将会如何开拓金砖美好光明的未来?陈凤英谈到了本次厦门会晤的亮点——三轮驱动。“过去十年,金砖国家在经济、贸易、金融合作上取得了非常大的成果,也在政治安全领域进行了合作。厦门会晤将在前面两项的合作基础上,提出加强人文交流。”金砖五国都有着辉煌的历史和深厚的文化底蕴,而人与人之间的交流是国家间合作的基础,心意相通才能携手长远。陈凤英表示,期待金砖合作在这方面取得突破性发展。

(本报北京8月27日电 本报记者 张斐晔)

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